Nitric Oxide is a Key Molecule Serving as a Bridge between Radiation-Induced Bystander and Adaptive Responses
Nitric Oxide is a Key Molecule Serving as a Bridge between Radiation-Induced Bystander and Adaptive Responses
复制标题
DOI：
10.2174/1874467211104020126
复制
发表时间：
2011-05
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
H. Matsumoto;M. Tomita;Kensuke Otsuka;M. Hatashita;N. Hamada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Matsumoto;M. Tomita;Kensuke Otsuka;M. Hatashita;N. Hamada
辐射生物学的一个经典范例声称“靶向效应”，即所有对细胞、组织和生物体的辐射效应都是由于辐射的直接作用。然而，在过去的二十年中，辐射生物学的范式经历了从“目标效应”关系转向复杂的持续“细胞内和细胞间反应”的转变，这不仅涉及目标，而且涉及非目标。这些反应包括现在熟悉的，但仍然完全未知的，与低剂量/低剂量率辐射暴露相关的现象，如适应性反应，旁观者反应，低剂量超敏反应和基因组不稳定性。这些反应的机制通常涉及对靶向和非靶向事件作出反应的生化/分子信号。松本等人先前已经发现一氧化氮作为辐射诱导的旁观者和适应性反应的引发剂起作用。这些发现表明辐射适应性和旁观者反应之间的相关性。本文综述了这两种现象，总结了支持它们存在的观测结果，并从活性氮产生的角度讨论了它们之间的联系。
A classical paradigm of radiation biology asserts “targeted effect” that all radiation effects on cells, tissues and organisms are due to the direct action of radiation. However, over the past two decades, a paradigm of radiation biology has undergone a shift away from “targeted effect” relationships and towards complex ongoing “intra- and inter-cellular responses”, which involve not only targeted but also non-targeted ones. These responses include now familiar, but still fully unknown, phenomena associated with low-dose/low-dose-rate radiation exposure such as adaptive responses, bystander responses, low-dose hypersensitivity, and genomic instability. The mechanisms underlying these responses often involve biochemical/molecular signals that respond to targeted and non-targeted events. Matsumoto et al. have previously found that nitric oxide functions as initiators of radiation-induced bystander and adaptive responses. These findings suggest correlations between the radioadaptive and bystander responses. The present review focuses on these two phenomena by summarizing observations supporting their existence, and discussing the linkage between them from the aspect of production of reactive nitrogen species.