All-optical electrophysiology in behaving animals
All-optical electrophysiology in behaving animals
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109101
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发表时间：
2021-02-24
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Adam, Yoav
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adam, Yoav
以高时空分辨率同时控制和读出行为动物多个神经元的膜电位的技术将对神经科学研究产生重大影响。在开发遗传编码电压指示器(GEVI)方面取得了重大进展，现在能够从行为动物的细胞群中光学记录亚阈值和尖峰活动。在某些情况下，GEVI还与光遗传致动器相结合，以实现全光？在细胞分辨率下控制和读出膜电位。在这里，我描述了GEVI开发的最新进展，并讨论了成功实施全光学？行为、头部固定动物的电生理学实验。这些方面包括电压指示器、光遗传执行器、蛋白质表达策略、光学硬件和图像处理软件。此外，我还讨论了该技术的各种应用，强调了它相对于传统电极技术的优势。我认为，通用电气公司现在正在从一个有前途的？将技术转化为可用于解决神经科学基本问题的实用工具。
Technology for simultaneous control and readout of the membrane potential of multiple neurons in behaving animals at high spatio-temporal resolution will have a high impact on neuroscience research. Significant progress in the development of Genetically Encoded Voltage Indicators (GEVIs) now enables to optically record subthreshold and spiking activity from ensembles of cells in behaving animals. In some cases, the GEVIs were also combined with optogenetic actuators to enable ?all-optical? control and readout of membrane potential at cellular resolution. Here I describe the recent progress in GEVI development and discuss the various aspects necessary to perform a successful ?all-optical? electrophysiology experiment in behaving, head-fixed animals. These aspects include the voltage indicators, the optogenetic actuators, strategies for protein expression, optical hardware, and image processing software. Furthermore, I discuss various applications of the technology, highlighting its advantages over classic electrode-based techniques. I argue that GEVIs now transformed from a ?promising? technology to a practical tool that can be used to tackle fundamental questions in neuroscience.