The Carboniferous reefs in China
The Carboniferous reefs in China
复制标题
中国石炭纪生物礁
DOI：
10.3724/sp.j.1261.2012.00004
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发表时间：
2012-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
巩恩普
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
巩恩普
石炭纪是晚古生代生物礁发育的一个独特时期，但在我国石炭纪生物礁的研究很少。近年来，人们对石炭纪生物礁进行了深入的研究，在我国不同地区发现了多种类型的生物礁。在这些地区，密西西比海的珊瑚礁主要由苔藓虫和皱纹珊瑚组成，它们与各种石灰质藻类有关。在中国南方，造礁生物主要由皱纹珊瑚Fomichevella和叶状藻类组成，而在中国北方，造礁生物主要由毛藻、苔藓虫和珊瑚组成。中国石炭纪生物礁中有两个主要的造礁群落：一个是藻造礁群落，另一个是以集群珊瑚为主的造礁群落。这两种类型的社区之间的进化关系可以检测到，从而表明两个不同的谱系的造礁社区在石炭纪期间演变;前一个社区由蓝藻，细菌和钙质藻类，而后者由各种骨骼后生动物生物。通过对中国石炭纪生物礁发育过程的研究，发现石炭纪生物礁发育过程中，各种生物群落发挥了重要的造礁作用。这些后生动物骨架礁的出现也表明，在石炭纪，中国大部分地区将是以热带或亚热带气候环境为主。
Abstract The Carboniferous period was a unique period for reef developments during the Late Paleozoic; however, in past years, studies dealing with the Carboniferous reefs in China were very rare. In recent years, the Carboniferous reefs were studied in detail and diverse types of reefs have been discovered in different areas of China. In these areas, the Mississippian reefs were primarily built of bryozoans and rugose corals, which were associated with various kinds of calcareous algae. During the Pennsylvanian, in South China, the reef builders were composed of the rugose coral Fomichevella and phylloid algae, whereas in North China, the reef builders were composed of Chaetetes , bryozoans and corals. There are two main reef-building communities within Carboniferous reefs in China; an algal reef-building community and a reef-building community dominated by colonial coral. No evolutionary relationships between these two types of communities can be detected, thus indicating that two different linerages of reef-building communities evolved during the Carboniferous; the former community consists of cyanobacteria, bacteria and calcareous algae, while the latter one consists of various skeletal metazoan organisms. Through careful study of the developments of Chinese Carboniferous reefs, the evidence indicates that various communities of organisms played important reef-building functions during this period. The occurrence of these metazoan framework reefs also indicates that, during the Carboniferous, most areas in China would have been dominated by the environments with a tropical or subtropical climate.
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