Comparative Perspectives on Oxytocin and Vasopressin Receptor Research in Rodents and Primates: Translational Implications.
Comparative Perspectives on Oxytocin and Vasopressin Receptor Research in Rodents and Primates: Translational Implications.
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DOI：
10.1111/jne.12382
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Young LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freeman SM;Young LJ
在过去的几十年里，复杂的实验技术已被用于确定啮齿动物的催产素和加压素系统的神经生物学。使用一套方法，包括电生理学，位点特异性选择性药理学，受体放射自显影，体内微透析，遗传和光遗传学操作，我们已经获得了前所未有的知识，这些神经肽如何参与神经回路来调节行为，特别是社会行为。基于啮齿动物研究的信息基础，我们已经开始产生关于催产素和加压素系统如何在人类中影响社会认知的新假设和框架。然而，尽管最近大量的出版物使用鼻内催产素在人类，我们仍然知道很少的神经生理学的催产素系统在灵长类动物更广泛。此外，这些人类研究的设计和分析在很大程度上仍然不了解其发现背后的潜在神经生物学机制。尽管由于实践和伦理方面的考虑，研究人类催产素和加压素系统的方法非常有限，但通过开发更好的非人类灵长类动物社会功能模型，填补我们知识的空白具有巨大的潜力。行为药理学和受体放射自显影已被用于研究非人类灵长类动物的催产素和加压素系统，现在有很大的潜力，以扩大我们对这些系统的神经生物学的理解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了啮齿类动物和灵长类动物的受体分布的比较结果，在这些不同的哺乳动物分支的表达的保守区域的功能的观点。我们还确定了特定的方式，建立技术可以用来回答灵长类动物的基础研究问题。最后，我们强调了非人类灵长类动物的未来研究领域，这些灵长类动物在实验上有望对催产素系统的解剖学，生理学和行为效应产生重要的见解，因为它具有显着的翻译潜力。
In the last several decades, sophisticated experimental techniques have been used to determine the neurobiology of the oxytocin and vasopressin systems in rodents. Using a suite of methodologies, including electrophysiology, site-specific selective pharmacology, receptor autoradiography, in vivo microdialysis, and genetic and optogenetic manipulations, we have gained unprecedented knowledge about how these neuropeptides engage neural circuits to regulate behaviour, particularly social behaviour. Based on this foundation of information from rodent studies, we have started generating new hypotheses and frameworks about how the oxytocin and vasopressin systems could be acting in humans to influence social cognition. However, despite the recent inundation of publications using intranasal oxytocin in humans, we still know very little about the neurophysiology of the oxytocin system in primates more broadly. Furthermore, the design and analysis of these human studies have remained largely uninformed of the potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying their findings. Although the methods available for studying the oxytocin and vasopressin systems in humans are incredibly limited as a result of practical and ethical considerations, there is great potential to fill the gaps in our knowledge by developing better nonhuman primate models of social functioning. Behavioural pharmacology and receptor autoradiography have been used to study the oxytocin and vasopressin systems in nonhuman primates, and there is now great potential to broaden our understanding of the neurobiology of these systems. In this review, we discuss comparative findings in receptor distributions in rodents and primates, with perspectives on the functionality of conserved regions of expression in these distinct mammalian clades. We also identify specific ways that established technologies can be used to answer basic research questions in primates. Finally, we highlight areas of future research in nonhuman primates that are experimentally poised to yield critical insights into the anatomy, physiology and behavioural effects of the oxytocin system, given its remarkable translational potential.