Seasonal variation in lysogeny as depicted by prophage induction in Tampa Bay, Florida
Seasonal variation in lysogeny as depicted by prophage induction in Tampa Bay, Florida
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.68.9.4307-4314.2002
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Paul, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Williamson, SJ;Houchin, LA;Paul, JH
对佛罗里达州坦帕湾溶原菌分布进行了为期 13 个月的季节性研究。每两周收集一次水样，或者保持不变，或者通过过滤（孔径，0.2μm）并重新悬浮在过滤（孔径，0.2μm）水中来减少病毒种群。然后通过添加丝裂霉素C(0.5μgml(-1))来处理病毒减少且未改变的样品以诱导原噬菌体或不进行处理。为了检验原噬菌体诱导受到磷酸盐限制的假设，在存在和不存在磷酸盐的情况下进行了额外的诱导实验。通过落射荧光显微镜检测，诱导被评估为相对于对照中获得的病毒直接计数的增加。在 2 月期间或之后获得的 25 个未改变样本中，有 5 个 (20%) 观察到原噬菌体的诱导，这与之前季节性研究的结果相似。在 25 个病毒减少样本中的 9 个（36%）中观察到原噬菌体的诱导，主要是在冬季获得的样本，这在之前的季节性研究中未观察到（P. K. Cochran 和 J. H. Paul, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:2308-2312, 1998）。在细菌和初级生产最低的月份中注意到诱导，这表明在宿主生长不良的条件下有利于溶原作用。在九个实验中的两个 (22%) 中，添加磷酸盐能够诱导原噬菌体。这些结果表明，原噬菌体诱导有时可能受到磷酸盐限制或对磷酸盐浓度的增加做出反应，这表明磷酸盐浓度可能调节自然群体的溶原反应。
A seasonal study of the distribution of lysogenic bacteria in Tampa Bay, Florida, was conducted over a 13-month period. Biweekly water samples were collected and either were left unaltered or had the viral population reduced by filtration (pore size, 0.2 mum) and resuspension in filtered (pore size, 0.2 mum) water. Virus-reduced and unaltered samples were then treated by adding mitomycin C (0.5 mug ml(-1)) to induce prophage or were left untreated. In order to test the hypothesis that prophage induction was phosphate limited, additional induction experiments were performed in the presence and absence of phosphate. Induction was assessed as an increase in viral direct counts, relative to those obtained in controls, as detected by epifluorescence microscopy. Induction of prophage was observed in 5 of 25 (20%) unaltered samples which were obtained during or after the month of February, paralleling the results from a previous seasonal study. Induction of prophage was observed in 9 of 25 (36%) of the virus-reduced samples, primarily those obtained in the winter months, which was not observed in a prior seasonal study (P. K. Cochran and J. H. Paul, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:2308-2312, 1998). Induction was noted in the months of lowest bacterial and primary production, suggesting that lysogeny was favored under conditions of poor host growth. Phosphate addition enabled prophage induction in two of nine (22%) experiments. These results indicate that prophage induction may occasionally be phosphate limited or respond to increases in phosphate concentration, suggesting that phosphate concentration may modulate the lysogenic response of natural populations.