An RNA-Sequencing Study of the Genes and Metabolic Pathways Involved in Aspergillus niger Weathering of Potassium Feldspar
An RNA-Sequencing Study of the Genes and Metabolic Pathways Involved in Aspergillus niger Weathering of Potassium Feldspar
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DOI：
10.1080/01490451.2014.991812
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Weiying Wang;B. Lian;L. Pan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weiying Wang;B. Lian;L. Pan
微生物转化钾长石生产有机复合钾肥，是有效利用中国矿区储量巨大的低品位含钾岩石的重要途径。硅酸盐矿物微生物风化的机理尚不清楚，这是实际应用方法的障碍。为了从分子水平上深入了解黑曲霉风化钾长石的分子机制，采用高通量RNA测序技术和不同钾源(含可溶性K+或钾长石的查氏培养)处理黑曲霉，研究了黑曲霉与钾长石风化相关的差异表达基因及其代谢途径。生物信息学分析发现，一系列与有机酸、多糖和蛋白质(酶)的合成和运输有关的差异表达基因与矿物释放的K+密切相关。此外，通过RNA-seq分析，筛选出与有机酸合成、蛋白质修饰、维持细胞内环境平衡和物质运输相关的12个基因，并进行了进一步的RT-qPCR验证。与可溶性K+培养的真菌样品相比，含钾长石的真菌样品中有一些基因表达上调，如Na+，K+-ATPase基因(447.6倍)、半胱氨酸合成酶基因(5.6倍)、半胱氨酸合成酶基因(9倍)和谷胱甘肽合成酶基因(3.5倍)。分析表明，黑曲霉对钾长石的风化是多种因素共同作用的结果，包括某些基因的上调和相关代谢产物途径的激活。这项研究加深了我们对硅酸盐矿物微生物风化机理的理解。
Microbial transformation of potassium feldspar to produce organic composite potassium fertilizer is recognized to be an important method of effective use of the huge reserves of low grade K+-bearing rock in China. The mechanism underlying microbial weathering of silicate minerals is still unclear, and this is an obstacle to practical methods of application. To thoroughly understand the molecular mechanism responsible for the weathering of potassium feldspar by Aspergillus niger at a molecular level, high-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and treatment with different potassium sources (cultured in Czapek medium with soluble K+ or potassium feldspar) were used to investigate the differentially expressed genes of A. niger associated with potassium feldspar weathering and the related metabolic pathways. A series of differentially expressed genes related to the synthesis and transportation of organic acids, polysaccharides, and proteins (enzymes) were found to be closely associated with the K+ released from minerals through bioinformatic analysis. In addition, 12 genes that showed apparent expression differences by RNA-seq analysis and are relevant to organic acid synthesis, protein modification, maintenance of cellular homeostasis, and material transportation, were selected to be further verified using RT-qPCR. Compared to the fungal samples cultured with soluble K+, those with potassium feldspar have certain genes that are more up-regulated, such as the genes for Na+,K+-ATPase (447.6 multiples), cystathionine beta-synthase (5.6 multiples), cysteine synthase (9 multiples), and glutathione synthase (3.5 multiples). The analysis indicates that A. niger weathering of potassium feldspar is due to the synergistic effect of many factors including the up-regulation of certain genes and activation of related metabolite pathways. The research improves our understanding of the mechanisms of microbial weathering of silicate minerals.