Conditioned Pain Modulation: Comparison of the Effects on Nociceptive and Non-nociceptive Blink Reflex
Conditioned Pain Modulation: Comparison of the Effects on Nociceptive and Non-nociceptive Blink Reflex
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条件性疼痛调节：对伤害性和非伤害性眨眼反射的影响比较
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.06.019
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kakigi Ryusuke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kinukawa Tomoaki Alex;Inui Koji;Taniguchi Tomoya;Takeuchi Nobuyuki;Sugiyama Shunsuke;Nishihara Makoto;Nishiwaki Kimitoshi;Kakigi Ryusuke
虽然条件性疼痛调制（CPM）被认为是代表下行疼痛抑制机制所引发的伤害性刺激施加到一个遥远的地区，有没有以前的研究比较CPM之间的疼痛和触觉系统。在这项研究中，我们客观地比较了两个系统之间的CPM眨眼反射。在15名健康男性中，将表皮内电刺激（IES）和经皮电刺激（TS）分别施加到眶上孔上方的右侧皮肤区域，以引起伤害性或非伤害性眨眼反射。在测试中，IES或TS被应用六次，受试者在数字评定量表（NRS）上报告每个刺激的强度。使用肌电图（R2）测量眨眼反射。第一和第二阶段是控制阶段，而在第三阶段中，将左手浸入10 °C的冷水中作为条件刺激。通过双因素方差分析比较各阶段的R2眨眼和NRS评分的幅度。NRS评分和伤害性R2在IES的第三次会议中均显著降低，两个变量之间存在显著相关性;而TS诱导的非伤害性R2在各次会议中没有变化。尽管条件刺激降低了TS的NRS评分，但CPM效应显著小于IES（p= 0.002）。目前的研究结果表明，疼痛特异性CPM效应的异位伤害性刺激的存在。
Although conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is considered to represent descending pain inhibitory mechanisms triggered by noxious stimuli applied to a remote area, there have been no previous studies comparing CPM between pain and tactile systems. In this study, we compared CPM between the two systems objectively using blink reflexes. Intra-epidermal electrical stimulation (IES) and transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TS) were applied to the right skin area over the supraorbital foramen to evoke a nociceptive or a non-nociceptive blink reflex, respectively, in 15 healthy males. In the test session, IES or TS were applied six times and subjects reported the intensity of each stimulus on a numerical rating scale (NRS). Blink reflexes were measured using electromyography (R2). The first and second sessions were control sessions, while in the third session, the left hand was immersed in cold water at 10 °C as a conditioning stimulus. The magnitude of the R2 blink and NRS scores were compared among the sessions by 2-way ANOVA. Both the NRS score and nociceptive R2 were significantly decreased in the third session for IES, with a significant correlation between the two variables; whereas, TS-induced non-nociceptive R2 did not change among the sessions. Although the conditioning stimulus decreased the NRS score for TS, the CPM effect was significantly smaller than that for IES (p= 0.002). The present findings suggest the presence of a pain-specific CPM effect to a heterotopic noxious stimulus.