Impact of submerged macrophytes on phytoplankton in shallow freshwater lakes
Impact of submerged macrophytes on phytoplankton in shallow freshwater lakes
复制标题
沉水植物对浅水淡水湖泊浮游植物的影响
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4612-0695-8_6
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Moss
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Søndergaard;B. Moss
浮游植物的普遍存在及其作为湖泊中许多主要生物过程的初级生产者和媒介的根本重要性，导致了对其生物学的全面研究。它对水质的重要性和它作为主要初级生产者的优势越来越大，而浅水湖泊中的沉水植物则因营养负荷的增加而受到损害。通常情况下，大型植物已经完全消失，营养物质是如此丰富，以至于很难想象通过特别是磷来控制浮游植物。在许多地区，为减少浮游植物数量、提高水的清澈度和恢复更多样化的生物结构而限制营养物负荷，现已开始扭转这一进程。同时，我们可以预见沉水植物在许多湖泊中的重要性。然而，大多数研究都是关于远洋环境中的浮游植物，很少有研究关注浮游植物与沉水植物的关系。因此，浮游动物自上而下控制浮游植物和/或通过营养物自下而上控制浮游植物的存在和相对重要性，这在浮游生物中是众所周知的，但在大型植物床中的记录很少。在很大程度上是未知的机制是否在水生植物床是相似的，或在何种程度上不同密度的水生植物可能会影响营养级联。通过它们的结构效应，水生植物创造了一个与开放水域根本不同的环境，
The ubiquity of phytoplankton, and its fundamental importance as a primary producer and mediator of many major biological processes in lakes, has led to comprehensive research on its biology. Its importance for water quality and its increasing predominance as the main primary producer at the expense of submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes follow from increased nutrient loading. Often, macrophytes have completely disappeared, and nutrients are so abundant that it is difficult to conceive much bottom-up control of phytoplankton through especially phosphorus. Restriction of the nutrient loading to reduce the amount of phytoplankton and to increase water clarity and restore a more diverse biological structure has now started to reverse this process in many areas. Simultaneously, we can anticipate a renewed importance of submerged macrophytes in many lakes. Most research has, however, been on phytoplankton in the pelagic environment, and few studies have focused on phytoplankton in relation to the presence of submerged macrophytes. Thus, the existence and relative importance of top-down control of phytoplankton by zooplankton and/or bottom-up control through nutrients, which is well known from the pelagic, is poorly documented from macrophyte beds. It is largely unknown whether the mechanisms in the macrophyte beds are similar or to what extent different densities of macrophytes may influence a trophic cascade. By their structuring effect, macrophytes create an environment that is fundamentally different from that of the open water and that potentially may