Electrophysiological Correlates of Voice Learning and Recognition
Electrophysiological Correlates of Voice Learning and Recognition
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.0581-14.2014
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发表时间：
2014-08-13
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Schweinberger, Stefan Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zaeske, Romi;Volberg, Gregor;Schweinberger, Stefan Robert
听众可以从可变的话语中识别出熟悉的人类声音，这表明在熟悉过程中获得了语音不变的语音表示。然而，介导自然语音学习和识别的神经认知机制目前尚不清楚。利用电生理学，我们研究了在有意学习最初不熟悉的声音（后来在新声音中被识别）的过程中如何形成表征。为了探究语音不变语音表示的获取，我们比较了“同一句子”条件（其中说话者在测试时重复研究话语）和“不同句子”条件。尽管与不同句子相比，相同句子的识别性能更高，但不同句子也发生了大量的语音学习，并且识别性能在连续的学习测试周期中不断提高。在研究过程中，与随后忘记的声音相比，随后记住的声音引发的事件相关电位引发了更大的持续顶叶积极性（类似于 250-1400 毫秒）。这种由记忆引起的差异不受测试句子条件的影响，因此可能反映了语音不变语音表示的获取。在测试中，与正确分类为“新”的声音相比，正确分类为“旧”的声音在 Pz 处引发了更大的晚期阳性成分（300-700 毫秒）。这种与事件相关的潜在旧/新效应仅限于相同的句子条件，因此可能反映了从情景记忆中依赖于语音的语音检索。重要的是，与新声音相比，在中央和右侧颞区 290 至 370 毫秒之间的 β 频带振荡（16-17 Hz）中发现了与新声音相比的与语音无关的效应。我们的结果是阐明语音学习和识别的电生理学相关性的第一步。
Listeners can recognize familiar human voices from variable utterances, suggesting the acquisition of speech-invariant voice representations during familiarization. However, the neurocognitive mechanisms mediating learning and recognition of voices from natural speech are currently unknown. Using electrophysiology, we investigated how representations are formed during intentional learning of initially unfamiliar voices that were later recognized among novel voices. To probe the acquisition of speech-invariant voice representations, we compared a "same sentence" condition, in which speakers repeated the study utterances at test, and a "different sentence" condition. Although recognition performance was higher for same compared with different sentences, substantial voice learning also occurred for different sentences, with recognition performance increasing across consecutive study-test-cycles. During study, event-related potentials elicited by voices subsequently remembered elicited a larger sustained parietal positivity (similar to 250-1400 ms) compared with subsequently forgotten voices. This difference due to memory was unaffected by test sentence condition and may thus reflect the acquisition of speech-invariant voice representations. At test, voices correctly classified as "old" elicited a larger late positive component (300-700 ms) at Pz than voices correctly classified as "new." This event-related potential OLD/NEW effect was limited to the same sentence condition and may thus reflect speech-dependent retrieval of voices from episodic memory. Importantly, a speech-independent effect for learned compared with novel voices was found in beta band oscillations (16-17 Hz) between 290 and 370 ms at central and right temporal sites. Our results are a first step toward elucidating the electrophysiological correlates of voice learning and recognition.