Role of deep brain stimulation in modulating memory formation and recall.
Role of deep brain stimulation in modulating memory formation and recall.
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DOI：
10.3171/2009.4.focus0975
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发表时间：
2009-07
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Williams Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu R;Eskandar E;Williams Z
脑深部电刺激（DBS）已成为治疗各种医学难治性神经和精神疾病（如帕金森病、原发性震颤、抑郁症和强迫症）的日益流行的工具。根据解剖位置和假定功能，已确定了几个消融或刺激靶点。例如，丘脑底核、苍白球和丘脑等区域被认为在运动控制和执行中起关键作用，并且它们通常用于治疗运动障碍。边缘系统结构，如扣带皮层和腹侧纹状体，被认为是重要的动机，情绪和更高的认知，也有针对性的治疗许多精神疾病。在所有这些情况下，DBS主要旨在解决这些疾病的有害方面。例如，在帕金森病中，DBS已被用于减少僵硬和震颤，而在强迫症中，它已被用于限制强迫行为。然而，最近，注意力也转向DBS的潜在用途，以增强或改善认知功能的其他非病理方面。本文探讨了DBS在增强记忆形成和回忆中的潜在作用，作者讨论了这一新兴领域的最新研究和未来趋势。
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has become an increasingly popular tool for treating a variety of medically refractory neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Parkinson disease, essential tremor, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Several targets have been identified for ablation or stimulation based on their anatomical location and presumed function. Areas such as the subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, and thalamus, for example, are believed to play a key role in motor control and execution, and they are commonly used in the treatment of motor disorders. Limbic structures such as the cingulate cortex and ventral striatum, believed to be important in motivation, emotion, and higher cognition, have also been targeted for treatment of a number of psychiatric disorders. In all of these settings, DBS is largely aimed at addressing the deleterious aspects of these diseases. In Parkinson disease, for example, DBS has been used to reduce rigidity and tremor, whereas in obsessive-compulsive disorder it has been used to limit compulsive behavior. More recently, however, attention has also turned to the potential use of DBS for enhancing or improving otherwise nonpathological aspects of cognitive function. This review explores the potential role of DBS in augmenting memory formation and recall, and the authors discuss recent studies and future trends in this emerging field.