More non-native fish species than natives, and an invasion of Malawi cichlids, in ancient Lake Poso, Sulawesi, Indonesia
More non-native fish species than natives, and an invasion of Malawi cichlids, in ancient Lake Poso, Sulawesi, Indonesia
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DOI：
10.3391/ai.2022.17.1.05
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发表时间：
2022-03-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Pfaender, Jobst
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herder, Fabian;Moehring, Jan;Pfaender, Jobst
位于印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛中部的古波索湖是亚洲最深的湖泊之一，拥有大量特有的鱼类、甲壳类和软体动物。引进非本地鱼类品种至少在世纪前就开始了，以促进当地的鱼类生产。最近的实地调查表明，非本地鱼类的引进正在进行中，包括来自观赏宠物贸易的物种。这些包括杂交观赏“花角”丽鱼，一种在苏拉威西岛的马利利湖迅速蔓延的鱼，以及“金色丽鱼”，来自非洲马拉维湖的金色黑丽鱼。这种流行的水族馆物种殖民波索湖甚至比花角更快，是无所不在的底栖栖息地在大部分的湖泊。在这里，我们列出记录的17个非本地鱼类从湖波索，提出了第一次评估的黄金慈鲷胃内容物以外的原生栖息地，报告发生的非本地甲壳类动物，软体动物和植物，并讨论对本地动物群和生态系统的潜在影响。大多数非本地物种已经建立了相当大的种群，似乎很有可能非本地动物群影响地方性物种。这一发现得到了支持，即金色慈鲷的胃含有广泛的物品，包括鱼类，它们的鳞片，鳍，卵和幼虫以及各种无脊椎动物。我们的结论是，非本地物种的引进构成了巨大的和日益增长的威胁湖波索动物群，一个主要的热点，在Wallacea地区的水生生物多样性。
Ancient Lake Poso in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, is among the deepest lakes in Asia, and hosts a largely endemic fauna of fishes, crustaceans, and molluscs. Introduction of non-native fish species started at least a century ago to foster local fish production. Recent fieldwork suggests that introduction of non-native fishes is ongoing, including species that originate from the ornamental pet trade. These include the hybridogenic ornamental "flowerhorn" cichlid, a fish that spread rapidly in Sulawesi's Malili Lakes, and the "golden cichlid," Melanochromis auratus from African Lake Malawi. This popular aquarium species colonized Lake Poso even more rapidly than the flowerhorn, and is omnipresent at benthic habitats across most of the lake. Here, we list records of 17 non-native fish species from Lake Poso, present the first assessment of golden cichlid stomach contents outside of their native habitat, report the occurrences of non-native crustaceans, molluscs and plants, and discuss potential impacts on the native fauna and ecosystem. Most of the non-native species have established substantial populations, and it appears very plausible that the non-native fauna affects endemics. This is supported by the finding that golden cichlid stomachs contained a broad spectrum of items, including fish, their scales, fins, eggs and larvae, and various invertebrates. We conclude that non-native species introduction poses a substantial and increasing threat to the Lake Poso fauna, a major hotspot of aquatic biodiversity in the Wallacea region.