Everyday vulnerabilities and "social dispositions" in the Malian Sahel, an indication for evaluating future adaptability to water crises?
Everyday vulnerabilities and "social dispositions" in the Malian Sahel, an indication for evaluating future adaptability to water crises?
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DOI：
10.1007/s10113-015-0845-7
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Dia, Amadou Hamath
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Becerra, Sylvia;Saqalli, Mehdi;Dia, Amadou Hamath
自1970年代以来，萨赫勒地区的降水量减少，变得非常不规则，导致大范围干旱，而人类对水的需求迅速增加。采用了一种新的基于“处置”的方法，以分析人类与环境危害的相互作用，并将其应用于马里东北部Hombori村的案例。本文探讨了人口和政治利益相关者如何看待，生活和应对日益严重的水资源短缺。它还探讨了它们目前的脆弱性和科普现有水资源变化的能力如何表明它们未来对气候冲击的适应能力。一方面，这项研究表明人口如何应对水资源供应的变化：人口的社会空间组织解释了居民面临的这一问题和影响脆弱性的一些因素，老年人和妇女受到的影响最大。水的问题通常是“日常”管理，只有在旱季才被视为大问题，因此降低了自我保护的动机。可以解释这种风险管理的两个主要变量是冲突的地方治理和当前的社会规则。另一方面，根据社会反应的概念模型对结果进行的讨论解释了为什么目前科普甚至解决水资源短缺问题的“社会倾向”并不能保证未来对气候变化的适应性。
Since the 1970s, precipitation in the Sahel has decreased and become very irregular, leading to widespread drought, whilst the human need for water has rapidly increased. A new "dispositions"-based approach was adapted in order to analyse human interactions with environmental hazards and applied to the case of Hombori village in north-eastern Mali. This article explores how the population and political stakeholders perceive, live with and respond to the increasing scarcity of water. It also explores how their current vulnerability and ability to cope with variations in available water resources indicate future adaptability to climate shocks. On the one hand, this research shows how the population copes with variations in water resource availability: the population's socio-spatial organisation explains the inhabitants' exposure to this problem and some of the factors affecting vulnerability, the elderly and women being the hardest hit. The water issue is generally managed on a "day-to-day" basis and considered a big problem only in the dry season, thus lowering any incentive for self-protection. The main two variables that could explain this kind of risk management are the conflicting local governance and current social rules. On the other hand, the discussion of results, based on a conceptual model of social responses, explains why these current "social dispositions" to cope with and even address the water scarcity issue do not guarantee future adaptability to climate change.