ICRP Publication 124: Protection of the Environment under Different Exposure Situations
ICRP Publication 124: Protection of the Environment under Different Exposure Situations
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ICRP 出版物 124：不同暴露情况下的环境保护
作者：
R. Pentreath;J. Lochard;Carl;Cool Da;P. Strand;J. Simmonds;D. Copplestone;Deborah Oughton;Edward Lazo
在本报告中，委员会介绍了其保护环境的框架，以及如何在委员会的保护制度内适用这一框架。报告扩展了环境保护方面的目标，涉及保护自然环境中的动植物(生物群)，以及如何通过使用参考动植物(RAP)来实现这些目标；它们衍生的考虑参考水平(DCRL)，即辐射效应与超过其正常当地本底自然辐射水平的剂量之间的关系；以及不同的潜在暴露途径。报告解释了其建议适用的不同类型的暴露情况；与环境保护有关的关键原则；以及如何利用基于DCRL使用的参考值来告知与不同暴露情况相关的适当努力程度。还就如何落实委员会的建议以满足不同形式的环境保护目标提出了进一步的建议，这些目标可能需要使用某一地点特有的代表性生物体，以及如何将这些目标与参考值进行比较。还提供了其他信息，特别是与其他有关各方和利益攸关方的沟通。还讨论了在遵守方面可能出现的问题，最后一章讨论了委员会迄今在这一领域工作的总体影响。附录A和B提供了一些与说唱面积法有关的数字信息。附件C审议了目前与大型工业场地和做法有关的各种现行环境保护立法，以及保护野生动物免受这类场地造成的各种威胁的各种方式。
In this report, the Commission describes its framework for protection of the environment and how it should be applied within the Commission’s system of protection. The report expands upon its objectives in relation to protection of the environment, in so far as it relates to the protection of animals and plants (biota) in their natural environment, and how these can be met by the use of Reference Animals and Plants (RAPs); their Derived Consideration Reference Levels (DCRLs), which relate radiation effects to doses over and above their normal local background natural radiation levels; and different potential pathways of exposure. The report explains the different types of exposure situations to which its recommendations apply; the key principles that are relevant to protection of the environment; and hence how reference values based on the use of DCRLs can be used to inform on the appropriate level of effort relevant to different exposure situations. Further recommendations are made with regard to how the Commission’s recommendations can be implemented to satisfy different forms of environmental protection objectives, which may require the use of representative organisms specific to a site, and how these may be compared with the reference values. Additional information is also given with regard to, in particular, communication with other interested parties and stakeholders. Issues that may arise in relation to compliance are also discussed, and the final chapter discusses the overall implications of the Commission’s work in this area to date. Appendices A and B provide some numerical information relating to the RAPs. Annex C considers various existing types of environmental protection legislation currently in place in relation to large industrial sites and practices, and the various ways in which wildlife are protected from various threats arising from such sites.