Attention, executive functioning and memory in normal aged rhesus monkeys.
Attention, executive functioning and memory in normal aged rhesus monkeys.
复制标题
正常老年恒河猴的注意力、执行功能和记忆力。
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2010.12.021
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Schneider,JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zeamer,Alyson;Decamp,Emmanuel;Clark,Kathryn;Schneider,JS
了解正常衰老过程中认知能力如何下降对于区分衰老引起的正常认知能力下降和与年龄相关的病理过程（如帕金森病（PD））引起的认知能力下降至关重要。包括记忆、执行功能和注意力在内的几个认知领域都随着人类年龄的增长以及PD而受到不利影响，但对这些过程如何受到非人类灵长类动物衰老的影响知之甚少。因此，为了在诱导帕金森样病理学之前表征老年灵长类动物的基线表现，对15-22岁的雄性恒河猴进行了与人类认知老化研究中使用的任务类似的几项任务的测试。这些任务包括简单视觉辨别（用于评估学习和参考记忆）、辨别逆转（用于评估认知灵活性和反应抑制）、持续表现（用于评估持续视觉注意）和注意集合转移（用于评估认知灵活性和集合转移能力）。在学习、认知灵活性、反应抑制和持续视觉注意力的某些方面检测到缺陷，而参考记忆和设置转移似乎没有受到影响。此外，与之前在年轻成年动物中观察到的相比，老年动物的认知能力存在更大的变异性。这些发现将形成与PD样病理学叠加在正常衰老过程后的认知表现进行比较的重要基线。
Understanding how cognition declines in normal aging is vital in order to distinguish between normal cognitive decline due to aging and cognitive decline due to an age-related pathological process such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Several cognitive domains including memory, executive functioning and attention are all adversely affected with age in humans, as well as by PD, yet less is known about how these processes are affected by aging in non-human primates. Thus, in order to characterize baseline performance in aged primates prior to inducing Parkinson-like pathology, male rhesus macaques aged 15–22 years were tested on several tasks analogous to those used in cognitive aging studies in humans. The tasks included simple visual discrimination to assess learning and reference memory, discrimination reversal to assess cognitive flexibility and response inhibition, continuous performance to assess sustained visual attention, and attention set shifting to assess cognitive flexibility and set-shifting ability. Deficits were detected in some aspects of learning, cognitive flexibility, response inhibition and sustained visual attention, whereas reference memory and set-shifting did not appear to be affected. Additionally, there was a greater amount of variability in cognitive abilities across the aged animals than observed previously in young adult animals. These findings will form an important baseline for comparison with cognitive performance after PD-like pathology is superimposed on the normal aging process.