IODP Expedition 307 drills cold-water coral mound along the Irish continental margin
IODP Expedition 307 drills cold-water coral mound along the Irish continental margin
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IODP 307 号探险队沿爱尔兰大陆边缘钻探冷水珊瑚丘
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Williams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Ferdelman;A. Kano;T. Williams
在过去十年中，沿着爱尔兰西南部大陆边缘的豪猪海湾斜坡进行的海洋学和地球物理调查已经确定了上千个神秘的丘状结构（图1和2）。1和2）。豪猪湾的土丘从600-900米水深的海底升起，形成令人印象深刻的圆锥体，宽数公里，高达200米。虽然少数土丘，如Thérèse Mound和高威土丘，被一个繁荣的冷水珊瑚丛覆盖，但大多数土丘顶部和侧翼都被死珊瑚碎石覆盖，或完全被沉积物掩埋（De Mol等人，2002;图2，Beyer等人，2003年）。Lophelia pertusa（图3）和Madelia oculata是在没有光合共生体的情况下生长的最突出的冷水珊瑚。大量珊瑚礁的广泛发现，以及这些珊瑚与珊瑚土丘的联系，引起了人们对这些珊瑚丘结构的组成、起源和发展的极大兴趣。（内部对照）（Hovland等人，1998年; Henriet等人，2001年）。海洋学或环境假说指出，刺激丘体发育的两个最重要的条件是：（1）强大的、营养丰富的海流，为滤食性珊瑚提供悬浮食物，将珊瑚虫的碎屑扫干净，并抑制沉积物掩埋;（2）稳定的基质，供珊瑚幼虫定居（Frederiksen等人，1992年）。强大的底流在Belgica土墩省，造成内部潮汐波的影响，在地中海外流水和东北大西洋水之间的边界，提供了悬浮营养过滤器喂养冷水珊瑚。
Over the past decade, oceanographic and geophysical surveys along the slope of the Porcupine Seabight off the southwestern continental margin of Ireland have identified upwards of a thousand enigmatic mound-like structures (Figs. 1 and 2). The mounds of the Porcupine Seabight rise from the seafloor in water depths of 600-900 m and form impressive conical bodies several kilometers wide and up to 200 m high. Although a few mounds such as Thérèse Mound and Galway Mound are covered by a thriving thicket of coldwater corals, most mound tops and flanks are covered by dead coral rubble or are entirely buried by sediment (De Mol et al., 2002; Fig. 2, Beyer et al., 2003). Lophelia pertusa (Fig. 3) and Madrepora oculata are the most prominent cold-water corals growing without photosynthetic symbionts. The widespread discovery of large and numerous coral-bearing banks and the association of these corals with the mounds have generated significant interest as to the composition, origin and development of these mound structures. (internal control) (Hovland et al., 1998; Henriet et al., 2001). The oceanographic or environmental hypothesis states that the two most important conditions for stimulating mound development are (1) strong, nutrient-rich currents that provide suspended food to the filter-feeding corals, sweep the polyps clean of detritus and inhibit sediment burial, and (2) a stable substrate for settlement of coral larvae (Frederiksen et al., 1992). Strong bottom currents in the Belgica mound province, resulting from internal tidal wave effects at the boundary between Mediterranean Outflow Water and East North Atlantic Water, provide the suspended nutrients for filter-feeding cold-water corals.