Dissecting human North African gene-flow into its western coastal surroundings
Dissecting human North African gene-flow into its western coastal surroundings
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2019.0471
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Comas, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arauna, Lara R.;Hellenthal, Garrett;Comas, David
尽管很少有遗传学研究解决这个问题，但北非的历史和人口对周边地理区域产生了关键影响。我们的目标是了解北非沿海地区的人类历史迁徙。我们建立了北非人群的精细全基因组数据集，利用单倍型信息来挖掘该地区的精细遗传结构。结果表明，从北非进入欧洲地中海沿岸（托斯卡纳和伊比利亚半岛）的基因流主要来自北非的地中海沿岸。在托斯卡纳，这种北非混合日期估计表明，在四世纪左右罗马帝国衰落期间，人们曾发生过迁徙。在伊比利亚半岛，北非部分可能反映了自七世纪以来阿拉伯扩张以及随后基督教王国扩张的影响。相比之下，加那利群岛的北非成分的来源与现代大西洋北非海岸的人有遗传关系。我们还发现了来自加那利群岛塞内冈比亚地区的撒哈拉以南基因流。具体来说，我们检测到一个复杂的混合信号，涉及大西洋、塞内冈比亚和欧洲来源，这些来源在十五世纪左右、卡斯蒂利亚征服后不久就混合在一起。我们的研究结果强调了北非对周围海岸的差异性遗传影响，并表明特定的历史事件不仅产生了社会文化影响，而且还改变了人口的基因库。
North African history and populations have exerted a pivotal influence on surrounding geographical regions, although scant genetic studies have addressed this issue. Our aim is to understand human historical migrations in the coastal surroundings of North Africa. We built a refined genome-wide dataset of North African populations to unearth the fine-scale genetic structure of the region, using haplotype information. The results suggest that the gene-flow from North Africa into the European Mediterranean coast (Tuscany and the Iberian Peninsula) arrived mainly from the Mediterranean coast of North Africa. In Tuscany, this North African admixture date estimate suggests the movement of peoples during the fall of the Roman Empire around the fourth century. In the Iberian Peninsula, the North African component probably reflects the impact of the Arab expansion since the seventh century and the subsequent expansion of the Christian Kingdoms. By contrast, the North African component in the Canary Islands has a source genetically related to present-day people from the Atlantic North African coast. We also find sub-Saharan gene-flow from the Senegambia region in the Canary Islands. Specifically, we detect a complex signal of admixture involving Atlantic, Senegambian and European sources intermixing around the fifteenth century, soon after the Castilian conquest. Our results highlight the differential genetic influence of North Africa into the surrounding coast and show that specific historical events have not only had a sociocultural impact but additionally modified the gene pool of the populations.