Thinking about HIV: the intersection of virus, neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction
Thinking about HIV: the intersection of virus, neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction
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DOI：
10.1007/s12026-010-8166-x
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Harris-White, M. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grovit-Ferbas, K.;Harris-White, M. E.
据估计，一半感染艾滋病毒的成人和儿童在病程中曾一度出现神经系统疾病。 HIV 感染的神经系统后遗症是病毒复制以及随后的神经炎症过程的直接结果。 HIV 在感染早期进入中枢神经系统，主要驻留在长寿的血管周围巨噬细胞和小胶质细胞中。中枢神经系统免疫监视是正常大脑功能的一个组成部分。在正常和创伤情况下，循环淋巴细胞在支持大脑可塑性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。这种免疫生态位的功能障碍会损害大脑稳态，导致神经损伤。需要降低中枢神经系统病毒载量、改善免疫稳态和神经保护的联合疗法来解决艾滋病毒感染的神经发病机制。
It is estimated that half of HIV-infected adults and children will present at one time during their disease course with a neurologic disorder. The neurologic sequelae of HIV infection arise as a direct result of viral replication as well as from the subsequent neuroinflammatory processes. HIV enters the CNS early in infection and resides primarily in long-lived perivascular macrophages and microglia. CNS immunosurveillance is an integral part of normal brain function. Circulating lymphocytes play a vital role in support of brain plasticity under normal and traumatic circumstances. Malfunctions of this immunologic niche can impair brain homeostasis, resulting in neural impairment. Combination therapies that lower CNS viral load and improve immune homeostasis and neuroprotection will be required to address the neuropathogenesis of HIV infection.