The rising cost of low-energy-density foods
The rising cost of low-energy-density foods
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jada.2007.09.009
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Drewnowski, Adam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Monsivais, Pablo;Drewnowski, Adam
背景：食用低能量密度食物是控制体重的一种推荐策略。这项横断面研究使用零售食品价格来检验一个假设，即低能量密度的食品不仅每千卡更贵，而且与高能量密度的食品相比，价格上涨得不成比例。对于属于食品频率问卷数据库的372种食品和饮料的清单，从2004年和2006年华盛顿州西雅图大都市区的主要连锁超市获得零售价格。计算所有项目的能量密度，价格以$/100克可食用部分和$/ 1000千卡表示。按能量密度的五分位数对食物进行分层，并使用方差分析对能源成本和价格变化百分比的差异进行检验。结果高能量密度食物能以最低的成本提供最多的膳食能量。能量密度最低五分之一的食物（不包括饮料）的能量成本为18.16美元/1,000千卡，而最高五分之一的食物的能量成本仅为1.76美元/1,000千卡。低能量密度食品的2年价格变化为+ 19.5%，而高能量密度食品的2年价格变化为-1.8%。结论：高能量食品不仅最便宜，而且对通货膨胀的抵抗力最强，这一发现可能有助于解释为什么在经济条件有限的人群中，肥胖率仍然最高。低能量密度食品价格的大幅上涨表明，经济因素可能对采用更健康的饮食构成障碍，从而限制了饮食指导的影响。
Background Consuming lower-energy-density foods is one recommended strategy for management of body weight. This cross-sectional study used retail food prices to test the hypothesis that low-energy-density foods are not only more costly per kilocalorie, but have increased disproportionately in price as compared to high-energy-density foods.Design For a list of 372 foods and beverages belonging to a food frequency questionnaire database, retail prices were obtained from major supermarket chains in the Seattle, WA, metropolitan area in 2004 and 2006. Energy density of all items was calculated and prices were expressed as $/100 g edible portion and as $/1,000 kcal. Foods were stratified by quintiles of energy density and the differences in energy cost and in percent price change were tested using analyses of variance.Results High-energy-density foods provided the most dietary energy at least cost. Energy cost of foods in the bottom quintile of energy density, beverages excluded, was $18.16/1,000 kcal as compared to only $1.76/1,000 kcal for foods in the top quintile. The 2-year price change for the least energy-dense foods was + 19.5%, whereas the price change for the most energy-dense foods was -1.8%.Conclusion The finding that energy-dense foods are not only the least expensive, but also most resistant to inflation, may help explain why the highest rates of obesity continue to be observed among groups of limited economic means. The sharp price increase for the low-energy-density foods suggests that economic factors may pose a barrier to the adoption of more healthful diets and so limit the impact of dietary guidance.