Speech training alters tone frequency tuning in rat primary auditory cortex
Speech training alters tone frequency tuning in rat primary auditory cortex
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2013.10.021
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kilgard, Michael P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Engineer, Crystal T.;Perez, Claudia A.;Kilgard, Michael P.
先前在人类和动物身上的研究都记录了辨别训练后的表现改善。这种增强的性能通常与皮质反应的变化有关。在这项研究中，我们测试了一个假设，即长期的语音训练多个任务可以提高初级听觉皮层（A1）的反应相比，大鼠训练的一个单一的语音识别任务或实验幼稚的大鼠。具体来说，我们比较了百分比的A1响应训练的声音，训练和未经训练的声音，A1神经元的感受野特性，和对语音训练和幼稚大鼠的语音对的神经歧视的反应。语音训练导致辅音和元音的准确辨别，但并没有增强A1反应强度或这些声音的神经辨别。言语训练改变了大鼠在六个言语辨别任务上训练的音调反应，但在一个言语辨别任务上训练的大鼠中没有改变。广泛的言语训练导致更广泛的频率调谐，更短的起始潜伏期，对音调的驱动反应降低，并导致频率图的偏移，以有利于语音最大的范围内的音调。训练任务的数量和训练的天数都可以强烈预测A1对低频音调的反应百分比。在一个单一的语音识别任务训练的大鼠进行准确性低于大鼠训练的多个任务，并没有表现出A1反应的变化。我们的研究结果表明，广泛的语音训练可以重组A1频率图，这可能对语音声音处理产生下游影响。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Previous studies in both humans and animals have documented improved performance following discrimination training. This enhanced performance is often associated with cortical response changes. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that long-term speech training on multiple tasks can improve primary auditory cortex (A1) responses compared to rats trained on a single speech discrimination task or experimentally naive rats. Specifically, we compared the percent of A1 responding to trained sounds, the responses to both trained and untrained sounds, receptive field properties of A1 neurons, and the neural discrimination of pairs of speech sounds in speech trained and naive rats. Speech training led to accurate discrimination of consonant and vowel sounds, but did not enhance A1 response strength or the neural discrimination of these sounds. Speech training altered tone responses in rats trained on six speech discrimination tasks but not in rats trained on a single speech discrimination task. Extensive speech training resulted in broader frequency tuning, shorter onset latencies, a decreased driven response to tones, and caused a shift in the frequency map to favor tones in the range where speech sounds are the loudest. Both the number of trained tasks and the number of days of training strongly predict the percent of A1 responding to a low frequency tone. Rats trained on a single speech discrimination task performed less accurately than rats trained on multiple tasks and did not exhibit A1 response changes. Our results indicate that extensive speech training can reorganize the A1 frequency map, which may have downstream consequences on speech sound processing. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.