Broccoli Microgreens: A Mineral-Rich Crop That Can Diversify Food Systems
Broccoli Microgreens: A Mineral-Rich Crop That Can Diversify Food Systems
复制标题
西兰花微型蔬菜：一种富含矿物质的作物，可以使粮食系统多样化
作者：
C. Weber
目前营养不良的统计数字很高，而且现代农业做法破坏了营养食品生产所依赖的环境，这加剧了营养不良的情况。随着世界人口以前所未有的速度增长，必须修订食品系统，以提供足够的营养，同时将对环境的影响降至最低。需要注意的一个具体营养问题是矿物质(如铁和锌)营养不良，这影响到生活在各种经济地位国家的三分之二以上的世界人民。小绿叶蔬菜是许多蔬菜、草药和花卉的可食用子叶，是一种新兴的作物，可能是一种密集的营养来源，几乎有可能在任何地方生产。这项研究检测了利用堆肥和水培方法生产的西兰花绿叶蔬菜的矿物质浓度，这些方法很容易在家里实施。将所得到的绿叶蔬菜的营养价值与已公布的成熟蔬菜的营养数据进行了定量比较。营养数据还结合生产绿叶蔬菜的资源需求(即水、化肥和能源)进行了考虑，以便深入了解当地绿叶蔬菜生产使食物系统多样化的潜力，特别是对城市地区，同时最大限度地减少西兰花种植对整体环境的影响。不管它们是如何种植的，绿叶蔬菜比蔬菜含有更多的镁、锰、铜和锌。然而，堆肥(C)绿地中P、K、Mg、Mn、Zn、Fe、Ca、Na和Cu的含量高于蔬菜。8种营养价值较高的矿物质(磷、钾、钙、镁、锰、铁、锌、钠)的平均C微绿与蔬菜营养比为1.73。从这里提供的实验数据推断，西兰花绿叶蔬菜需要的水量比在加州中央山谷种植营养等量的成熟蔬菜少158-236倍，所需时间减少93-95%，而且不需要化肥、杀虫剂或从农场到餐桌的高耗能运输。这项研究的结果表明，西兰花绿叶蔬菜可能是一种丰富的矿物质来源，即使在城市环境中也可以由个人生产，提供更好的获得足够营养的途径。
Current malnourishment statistics are high and are exacerbated by contemporary agricultural practices that damage the very environments on which the production of nutritious food depends. As the World’s population grows at an unprecedented rate, food systems must be revised to provide adequate nutrition while minimizing environmental impacts. One specific nutritional problem that needs attention is mineral (e.g., Fe and Zn) malnutrition, which impacts over two-thirds of the World’s people living in countries of every economic status. Microgreens, the edible cotyledons of many vegetables, herbs, and flowers, is a newly emerging crop that may be a dense source of nutrition and has the potential to be produced in just about any locale. This study examined the mineral concentration of broccoli microgreens produced using compost-based and hydroponic growing methods that are easily implemented in one’s own home. The nutritional value of the resulting microgreens was quantitatively compared to published nutritional data for the mature vegetable. Nutritional data were also considered in the context of the resource demands (i.e., water, fertilizer, and energy) of producing microgreens in order to gain insights into the potential for local microgreen production to diversify food systems, particularly for urban areas, while minimizing the overall environmental impacts of broccoli farming. Regardless of how they were grown, microgreens had larger quantities of Mg, Mn, Cu, and Zn than the vegetable. However, compost-grown (C) microgreens had higher P, K, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, Ca, Na, and Cu concentrations than the vegetable. For eight nutritionally important minerals (P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Na), the average C microgreen:vegetable nutrient ratio was 1.73. Extrapolation from experimental data presented here indicates that broccoli microgreens would require 158–236 times less water than it does to grow a nutritionally equivalent amount of mature vegetable in the fields of California’s Central Valley in 93–95% less time and without the need for fertilizer, pesticides, or energy-demanding transport from farm to table. The results of this study suggest that broccoli microgreens have the potential to be a rich source of minerals that can be produced by individuals, even in urban settings, providing better access to adequate nutrition.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.94.19.10367
发表时间：
1997-09-16
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fahey, JW;Zhang, YS;Talalay, P
通讯作者：
Talalay, P