Street Network Resilience Put to the Test: The Dramatic Crash of Genoa and Bologna Bridges
Street Network Resilience Put to the Test: The Dramatic Crash of Genoa and Bologna Bridges
复制标题
街道网络的弹性受到考验：热那亚和博洛尼亚大桥的戏剧性崩溃
DOI：
10.3390/su12114706
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
C. Pezzica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Cutini;C. Pezzica
各种灾害和地方性威胁日益逼近城市，导致规划者在寻求可持续的城市未来时，依赖灵活和包容性规划工具和方法的丰富工具箱，能够处理不可预测的事件或突发的城市突发事件。虽然以可持续性为导向的创新规划方法正在获得势头，但将相关概念纳入业务规划和设计决策支持系统的方法尚未得到充分开发和验证。本文解决了这个问题，提出并测试，在现实生活中的情况下，一种方法的计算分析的街道网络弹性，基于空间规划理论。该方法适用于量化城市电网吸收突发干扰和适应变化的能力，并为缓解决策及其与公众的沟通提供支持。它提出了一套配置弹性指数，其可靠性进行了定性评估，考虑到事前和事后的城市配置所产生的两个特殊的和戏剧性的桥梁崩溃。这些事件几乎同时发生在两个具有特别相似特征的意大利城市。结果证实了该提案的价值，并强调了城市形态，特别是其网格，作为建立城市弹性的关键驱动力，以及当地社区的自我组织能力。
Various hazards and endemic threats are increasingly looming over cities, leading planners to rely on a rich toolbox of flexible and inclusive planning instruments and methods, capable of dealing with unpredicted events or sudden urban contingencies, when seeking sustainable urban futures. While sustainability-oriented innovative planning approaches are gaining momentum, ways to embed connected concepts in operational planning and design decision support systems have yet to be fully developed and validated. This paper tackles this issue by proposing and testing, in a real-life scenario, a method for the computational analysis of street network resilience, based on Space Syntax theory. The method is suitable to quantify the capacity of urban grids to absorb sudden disturbances and adapt to change, and to offer support for mitigation decisions and their communication to the public. It presents a set of configurational resilience indices, whose reliability is qualitatively assessed considering the ex-ante and ex-post urban configurations generated by two exceptional and dramatic bridge crashes. These events occurred almost simultaneously in two Italian cities with peculiarly similar characteristics. The results confirm the value of the proposal and highlight urban form, and particularly its grid, as a key driver in building urban resilience, together with the self-organisation capacity of local communities.