Perspective taking as egocentric anchoring and adjustment
Perspective taking as egocentric anchoring and adjustment
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.87.3.327
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Gilovich, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Epley, N;Keysar, B;Gilovich, T
作者提出，人们通过不断调整自己的观点来接受他人的观点。正如所预测的那样，对他人感知的估计与自己的一致，但与系列调整一致的方式不同（研究1）。参与者在表明另一个人的看法与他们自己的看法不同而不是相似时反应较慢（研究2）。自我中心偏见增加时间压力（研究2）和减少准确性的激励（研究3）。当参与者更倾向于接受在调整过程早期遇到的合理值时，自我中心偏见也会增加，而不是倾向于拒绝它们（研究4）。最后，调整往往是不够的，部分原因是人们一旦达到合理的估计就停止调整（研究5）。
The authors propose that people adopt others' perspectives by serially adjusting from their own. As predicted, estimates of others' perceptions were consistent with one's own but differed in a manner consistent with serial adjustment (Study 1). Participants were slower to indicate that another's perception would be different from-rather than similar to-their own (Study 2). Egocentric biases increased under time pressure (Study 2) and decreased with accuracy incentives (Study 3). Egocentric biases also increased when participants were more inclined to accept plausible values encountered early in the adjustment process than when inclined to reject them (Study 4). Finally, adjustments tend to be insufficient, in part, because people stop adjusting once a plausible estimate is reached (Study 5).