Dynamic functions of GABA signaling during granule cell maturation.

Dynamic functions of GABA signaling during granule cell maturation.
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DOI:
10.3389/fncir.2012.00113
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Overstreet-Wadiche LS
Overstreet-Wadiche LS
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dieni CV;Chancey JH;Overstreet-Wadiche LS

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齿状回是大脑中为数不多的几个区域之一,在整个生命过程中都会产生新的神经元。神经活动影响神经发生的多个阶段,从而允许经验调节新神经元的产生。现在已经确定GABAA受体介导的信号传导在介导成人神经发生的活动依赖性调节中起着关键作用。GABA首先作为一种营养信号,使祖细胞和有丝分裂后早期颗粒细胞去极化,使网络活动控制增殖,存活和生长所必需的分子级联反应。随着神经元突触输入的发展,GABA信号从兴奋性转变为抑制性。此后,强大的突触抑制强制执行低尖峰概率的颗粒细胞响应皮质兴奋性输入,并保持稀疏的活动模式的特点,这个大脑区域。在这里,我们回顾这些动态功能的GABA在颗粒细胞成熟,专注于特定的interneuron电路在进行性发育阶段的潜在作用。我们进一步强调的问题,仍然没有答案的GABA信号在颗粒细胞的发育和兴奋性。
The dentate gyrus is one of the few areas of the brain where new neurons are generated throughout life. Neural activity influences multiple stages of neurogenesis, thereby allowing experience to regulate the production of new neurons. It is now well established that GABAA receptor-mediated signaling plays a pivotal role in mediating activity-dependent regulation of adult neurogenesis. GABA first acts as a trophic signal that depolarizes progenitors and early post mitotic granule cells, enabling network activity to control molecular cascades essential for proliferation, survival and growth. Following the development of glutamatergic synaptic inputs, GABA signaling switches from excitatory to inhibitory. Thereafter robust synaptic inhibition enforces low spiking probability of granule cells in response to cortical excitatory inputs and maintains the sparse activity patterns characteristic of this brain region. Here we review these dynamic functions of GABA across granule cell maturation, focusing on the potential role of specific interneuron circuits at progressive developmental stages. We further highlight questions that remain unanswered about GABA signaling in granule cell development and excitability.
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