Q ball Decay Rates into Gravitinos and Quarks
Q ball Decay Rates into Gravitinos and Quarks
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Q 球衰变成引力子和夸克的速率
DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.87.023517
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Kawasaki and M. Yamada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kawasaki;T. Kobayashi and F. Takahashi;諸井健夫;M. Kawasaki and M. Yamada
阿弗莱克-戴恩机制是超对称理论中最有吸引力的重子生成机制之一，它经常预言早期宇宙中重子球的存在。在这种情况下，有可能解释观察到的重子与暗物质的比例，因为球衰变成超对称粒子以及夸克。如果引力子的质量比典型的相互作用能小，那么引力子的纵向分量的行为就像无质量的戈尔茨坦。在不考虑大半径极限和有效耦合的情况下，我们在领先的半经典近似下数值计算了-球的Goldstino产率。我们还计算了有质量费米子的汤川理论中球的夸克产生率。在推导衰变率时，我们还考虑了球的标量场结构。这些结果被应用到一个现实的模型中的规范介导的超对称性破缺，并产生分支比的球衰变到引力子。我们得到的分支比远小于在前面的分析中估计的。
The Affleck-Dine mechanism, which is one of the most attractive candidates for baryogenesis in supersymmetric theories, often predicts the existence of baryonic-balls in the early universe. In this scenario, there is a possibility to explain the observed baryon-to-dark-matter ratio because-balls decay into supersymmetric particles as well as quarks. If the gravitino mass is small compared to the typical interaction energy, the longitudinal component of the gravitino behaves like the massless goldstino. We numerically calculate the goldstino production rates from-balls in the leading semiclassical approximation without using the large-radius limit or effective coupling. We also calculate the quark production rates from-balls in the Yukawa theory with a massive fermion. In deriving the decay rate we also take into account the scalar field configuration of the-ball. These results are applied to a realistic model in the gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking and yield the branching ratio of the-ball decay into the gravitino. We obtain a branching ratio much smaller than the one estimated in the previous analysis.