Internal entrainment and the origin of jet-related broad-band emission in Centaurus A

Internal entrainment and the origin of jet-related broad-band emission in Centaurus A
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半人马座 A 的内部夹带和与喷流相关的宽带发射的起源

DOI:
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
J. Vink
J. Vink
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
S. Wykes;M. Hardcastle;A. Karakas;J. Vink

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Fanaroff-Riley I类喷流的尺寸和银河系中心的恒星密度表明,该喷流和恒星风之间将会有大量的相互作用。这可能导致在X射线中观测到的喷流的弥散和“结节”结构,也可以使喷流质量增加。我们使用恒星演化和风代码,对半人马座A喷流截获的恒星的内部卷吸进行了模拟。根据验光仪和代码合成的12 Gyr(Z=0.004)、3 Gyr(Z=0.008)和0.60Myr(Z=0.02)恒星的总数,得出喷流中的恒星总数为�8×108。即使没有年轻恒星,我们的模型也能产生观测到的X射线辐射。我们还通过喷流的X射线光谱再现了射电,尽管它位于年轻恒星明显较少的下游区域,并恢复了平均X射线光谱指数。我们推导出了�2.3×10−3M⊙yr−1的内部夹带速率,这意味着喷流有很大的减速。我们对喷流中AGB恒星群的绝对核合成产额显示,4He、16O、12C、14N和20Ne的绝对核合成产额最高。如果Pierre Auger天文台在>55 ev探测到的一些事件来自半人马座A的内部夹带,我们预测它们的组成将主要是以16O、12C和14N为关键同位素的中等质量核。
The dimensions of Fanaroff-Riley class I jets and the stellar densities at galactic centres imply that there will be numerous interactions between the jet and stellar winds. These may give rise to the observed diffuse and ‘knotty’ structure of the jets in the X-ray, and can also mass load the jets. We performed modelling of internal entrainment from stars intercepted by Centaurus A’s jet, using stellar evolution- and wind codes. From ph otometry and a code-synthesised population of 12 Gyr (Z = 0.004), 3 Gyr (Z = 0.008) and 0 60 Myr (Z = 0.02) stars, appropriate for the parent elliptical NGC 5128, the total number of stars in the jet is � 8 × 10 8 . Our model is energetically capable of producing the observed X-ray emission, even without young stars. We also reproduce the radio through X-ray spectrum of the jet, albeit in a downstream region with distinctly fewer young stars, and recover the mean X-ray spectral index. We derive an internal entrainment rate of � 2.3 × 10 −3 M⊙ yr −1 which implies substantial jet deceleration. Our absolute nucleosynthetic yields for the AGB stellar population in the jet show the highest amounts for 4 He, 16 O, 12 C, 14 N and 20 Ne. If some of the events at > 55 EeV detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory originate from internal entrainment in Centaurus A, we predict that their composition will be largely intermediate-mass nuclei with 16 O, 12 C and 14 N the key isotopes.
半人马座 A 黑洞的质量,来自 SINFONI AO 辅助的恒星运动学积分场观测
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14377.x
发表时间: 2009
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