Three-dimensional Majorana fermions in chiral superconductors.
Three-dimensional Majorana fermions in chiral superconductors.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1601835
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发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Fu L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kozii V;Venderbos JW;Fu L
自旋轨道耦合手性超导体中的一种新的准粒子，它本身就是反粒子，正如1937年著名的预测。利用系统对称性和拓扑分析，我们建立了具有强自旋-轨道耦合和奇奇偶对的三维手性超导体，一般存在自旋非简并的低能节点准粒子，并在三维空间中实现马约拉纳费米子。通过对晶体中角动量为J的Bloch电子形成的总角动量为J的所有类型的手性Cooper对的研究，我们从能量-动量关系和费米表面上的位置方面得到了无间隙Majorana准粒子的综合分类。我们证明了在自旋选择点节点附近存在大块马约拉纳费米子的根源在于自旋轨道耦合超导体中手性对的非酉性。我们研究了马约拉纳费米子的实验特征，发现由于节点准粒子的自旋选择性马约拉纳性质，沿节点方向极化的核自旋的核磁共振自旋弛豫率被显著抑制。此外，块体中的Majorana节点具有非平凡拓扑，这意味着表面上存在Majorana束缚态，这些束缚态在动量空间中形成弧。最后，我们提出重费米子超导体pro4sb12和相关材料作为承载三维马约拉纳费米子的非单一手性超导体的有希望的候选者。
A novel quasiparticle in spin-orbit–coupled chiral superconductors, which is its own antiparticle, as famously predicted in 1937. Using a systematic symmetry and topology analysis, we establish that three-dimensional chiral superconductors with strong spin-orbit coupling and odd-parity pairing generically host low-energy nodal quasiparticles that are spin-nondegenerate and realize Majorana fermions in three dimensions. By examining all types of chiral Cooper pairs with total angular momentum J formed by Bloch electrons with angular momentum j in crystals, we obtain a comprehensive classification of gapless Majorana quasiparticles in terms of energy-momentum relation and location on the Fermi surface. We show that the existence of bulk Majorana fermions in the vicinity of spin-selective point nodes is rooted in the nonunitary nature of chiral pairing in spin-orbit–coupled superconductors. We address experimental signatures of Majorana fermions and find that the nuclear magnetic resonance spin relaxation rate is significantly suppressed for nuclear spins polarized along the nodal direction as a consequence of the spin-selective Majorana nature of nodal quasiparticles. Furthermore, Majorana nodes in the bulk have nontrivial topology and imply the presence of Majorana bound states on the surface, which form arcs in momentum space. We conclude by proposing the heavy fermion superconductor PrOs4Sb12 and related materials as promising candidates for nonunitary chiral superconductors hosting three-dimensional Majorana fermions.
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影响因子：
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