UFO — a scalable platform for high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging
UFO — a scalable platform for high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging
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UFO — 用于高速同步加速器 X 射线成像的可扩展平台
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
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通讯作者：
M. Weber
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作者：
A. Kopmann;S. Chilingaryan;M. Vogelgesang;T. Dritschler;A. Shkarin;Roman Shkarin;T. dos Santos Rolo;Tomáš Faragó;T. W. van de Kamp;M. Balzer;M. Caselle;M. Weber
新的成像站以高空间和时间分辨率为目标，其特点是采样率不断提高，数据处理工作流程要求苛刻。打开高性能计算资源是成像实验成功的关键。这包括精心选择用于计算硬件的组件，以及为高效使用并行处理器架构而优化的高级成像算法的开发。我们提出了一种用于成像实验和基于图像反馈的在线数据处理的新型UFO计算平台。该平台处理从X射线探测器到长期数据存档的整个数据生命周期。该系统的核心部件是用于超高速数据采集的现场可编程门阵列平台、基于GPU的UFO图像处理框架和快速控制系统Concert。在UFO框架中实现的重建算法针对最新的GPU架构进行了优化，并在GB/S范围内提供了重建吞吐量。控制系统“Concert”集成了高速计算节点和快速光束线设备，从而实现了基于图像的控制回路和先进的工作流程自动化，从而有效地利用了光束时间。通过使用AMDS DirectGMA技术在FPGA和GPU之间进行直接通信，确保了低延迟。时间分辨断层成像得到了尖端正则化方法的支持，以减少投影数量，获得高质量的重建。安卡的新基础设施极大地将断层扫描速度从几小时提高到了几秒，并带来了新的应用领域，如高通量断层扫描、泵-探头射线成像和频闪断层扫描。超快X射线电影层析成像首次允许人们实时观察移动的毫米大小的物体的内部动力学。
New imaging stations aim for high spatial and temporal resolution and are characterized by ever increasing sampling rates and demanding data processing workflows. Key to successful imaging experiments is to open up high-performance computing resources. This includes carefully selected components for computing hardware and development of advanced imaging algorithms optimized for efficient use of parallel processor architectures. We present the novel UFO computing platform for online data processing for imaging experiments and image-based feedback. The platform handles the full data life cycle from the X-ray detector to long-term data archives. Core components of this system are an FPGA platform for ultra-fast data acquisition, the GPU-based UFO image processing framework, and the fast control system “Concert”. Reconstruction algorithms implemented in the UFO framework are optimized for the latest GPU architectures and provide a reconstruction throughput in the GB/s-range. The control system “Concert” integrates high-speed computing nodes and fast beamline devices and thus enables image-based control loops and advanced workflow automation for efficient beam time usage. Low latencies are ensured by direct communication between FPGA and GPUs using AMDs DirectGMA technology. Time resolved tomography is supported by cutting edge regularization methods for high quality reconstructions with a reduced number of projections. The new infrastructure at ANKA has dramatically accelerated tomography from hours to second and resulted in new application fields, like high-throughput tomography, pump-probe radiography and stroboscopic tomography. Ultra-fast X-ray cine-tomography for the first time allows one to observe internal dynamics of moving millimeter-sized objects in real-time.