Mitigation of urbanization effects on aquatic ecosystems by synchronous ecological restoration
Mitigation of urbanization effects on aquatic ecosystems by synchronous ecological restoration
复制标题
通过同步生态修复减轻城市化对水生生态系统的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2021.117587
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Xu Jun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fu Hong;Gauzere Pierre;Molinos Jorge Garcia;Zhang Peiyu;Zhang Huan;Zhang Min;Niu Yuan;Yu Hui;Brown Lee E.;Xu Jun
近几十年来，发展中国家的经济繁荣导致了生态系统退化和生物多样性的丧失。对此，一些国家推进了生态系统恢复项目，但大时空尺度(即整个流域)不同方法和指标的有效性仍然知之甚少。这项研究评估了2007年至2017年实施和维持的440项水生修复项目的有效性，这些项目包括废水处理、人工湿地、植物/藻类救助和污染沉积物疏浚，覆盖了太湖流域西北部(宜兴、中国)超过2000平方公里的区域。修复前后对水质和无脊椎动物群落进行了同步调查。我们的分析表明，尽管当时正处于快速城市化时期，但在研究区大部分地区，底栖无脊椎动物的营养物质浓度(NH4+-N、TN、TP)和生物学指标(分类丰富度、香农多样性、敏感分类群密度)都有显著改善。改善与修复项目的类型有关，与修复污染源的项目相比，针对污染源的项目产生了最明确的生态系统反应。然而，在一些地方，生物群落的恢复似乎落后于营养物质(如氮和磷)，这可能反映了考虑到流域恢复前的退化水平，无脊椎动物需要长途重新定居。总体而言，这项研究表明，近期中国经济快速发展造成的生态破坏可能会通过在整个流域同步进行大规模恢复投资来缓解，尽管如果城镇化率同时降低，这些影响可能会得到加强。
Ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss have been caused by economic booms in developing countries over recent decades. In response, ecosystem restoration projects have been advanced in some countries but the effectiveness of different approaches and indicators at large spatio-temporal scales (ie, whole catchments) remains poorly understood. This study assessed the effectiveness of a diverse array of 440 aquatic restoration projects including wastewater treatment, constructed wetlands, plant/algae salvage and dredging of contaminated sediments implemented and maintained from 2007 to 2017 across more than 2000 km 2 of the northwest Taihu basin (Yixing, China). Synchronized investigations of water quality and invertebrate communities were conducted before and after restoration. Our analysis showed that even though there was rapid urbanization at this time, nutrient concentrations (NH 4+-N, TN, TP) and biological indices of benthic invertebrate (taxonomic richness, Shannon diversity, sensitive taxon density) improved significantly across most of the study area. Improvements were associated with the type of restoration project, with projects targeting pollution-sources leading to the clearest ecosystem responses compared with those remediating pollution sinks. However, in some locations, the recovery of biotic communities appears to lag behind nutrients (eg, nitrogen and phosphorus), likely reflecting long-distance re-colonization routes for invertebrates given the level of pre-restoration degradation of the catchment. Overall, the study suggests that ecological damage caused by recent rapid economic development in China could potentially be mitigated by massive restoration investments synchronized across whole catchments, although these effects could be expected to be enhanced if urbanization rates were reduced at the same time.