The effects of early visual experience on the cat's visual cortex and their possible explanation by Hebb synapses.
The effects of early visual experience on the cat's visual cortex and their possible explanation by Hebb synapses.
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013545
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发表时间：
1981
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Rauschecker;W. Singer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Rauschecker;W. Singer
1.暗饲养至4-6周龄，然后用柱状镜片、单眼遮挡和正常视力的不同组合饲养4-7周。2.照射结束后，获得视皮层(17区)816个神经元的单单位记录。对神经元的视觉优势和定向偏爱的分布有明显的影响，与饲养条件密切相关。3.证实了当经验局限于双眼的垂直轮廓时，大多数皮层神经元倾向于垂直刺激方向。进一步证实，如果两只眼睛经历的定向不同，每只眼睛都会支配那些定向偏好与这只眼睛所经历的定向相对应的神经元。4.当一只眼睛被遮盖，而另一只眼睛只看到一个方向的轮廓时，皮质神经元的眼优势分布显示出偏向于睁开的眼睛。由这只眼睛支配的神经元更喜欢与经验范围相对应的方向。偏爱其他方向的神经元在双眼之间是共享的。5.当一只眼睛的视力没有受损，而另一只眼睛仅限于垂直轮廓时，喜欢垂直方向的神经元普遍存在双眼视觉。偏向于垂直方向的神经元主要是单眼的，由视力不受限制的眼睛支配。6.当一只眼的正常单眼视力先于另一只眼的受限单眼视力时，只会遇到几个双眼单位。单眼经验的初始效应的逆转只在神经元中发现，而偏向于新睁开的眼睛所经历的方向。其他神经元仍然由最初睁开的眼睛主导。因此，两只眼睛的方位偏好的互补分布被找到。7.由暴露的定向次数决定的定向经验量与正常调节的神经元数目之间存在很好的相关性。相反，对所有方向作出反应的神经元数量随着经验的增加而减少。
1. Kittens were dark‐reared until 4‐6 weeks old, and then for another 4‐7 weeks with various combinations of cylindrical lenses, monocular occlusion, and normal vision. 2. Single unit recordings from 816 neurones of the visual cortex (area 17) were obtained after the end of exposure. Clear‐cut effects on the distributions of the neurones' ocular dominance and orientation preference were found yielding close correlations with the rearing conditions. 3. It was confirmed that most cortical neurones prefer vertical stimulus orientations when experience is restricted to vertical contours in both eyes. It was further confirmed that, if the experienced orientations are different in the two eyes, each eye dominates over those neurones whose orientation preference corresponds to the orientation this eye has experienced. 4. When one eye is covered while the other sees only contours of one orientation, the ocular dominance distribution of cortical neurones shows a bias towards the open eye. Neurones dominated by this eye prefer orientations corresponding to the experienced range. Neurones preferring other orientations are shared between both eyes. 5. When vision is unimpaired in one eye and restricted to vertical contours in the other, binocularity is common among neurones preferring vertical orientations. Neurones with orientation preferences off the vertical are mainly monocular and dominated by the eye with unrestricted vision. 6. When normal monocular vision of one eye precedes restricted monocular vision of the other eye, only a few binocular units are encountered. Reversal of the initial effects of monocular experience is found only in neurones preferring the orientation that has been experienced by the newly opened eye. The other neurones remain dominated by the originally open eye. Thus, complementary distributions of orientation preferences are found for the two eyes. 7. A good correlation was found between the amount of orientational experience as determined by the number of orientations exposed and the number of normally tuned neurones. Conversely, the number of neurones responding to all orientations decreases with increasing amount of experience.