Prospective evaluation of the etiology of anxiety sensitivity: test of a scar model
Prospective evaluation of the etiology of anxiety sensitivity: test of a scar model
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DOI：
10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00138-2
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Joiner, TE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schmidt, NB;Lerew, DR;Joiner, TE
大量研究表明，焦虑敏感性（AS）是焦虑病理发展中的一个特定的脆弱因素。最近，人们的注意力转向了 AS 的病因学本身。本研究代表了对 AS Scar 模型的具体测试。疤痕模型假设痛苦经历会影响脆弱性因素。我们特别感兴趣的是评估特定压力源（自发恐慌）以及一般痛苦对 AS 随时间变化的影响。对大量年轻人非临床样本（N = 1296）进行了为期五周的高压力时期（即军事基础训练）的前瞻性跟踪。研究结果与 Scar 模型一致，并表明经历恐慌发作的特定压力源以及产生显着焦虑症状的一般压力源独特地导致 AS 水平增加（无论先前是否有恐慌史）。此外，在普遍较低水平的痛苦（焦虑和抑郁）的背景下自发恐慌的经历似乎特别有害，会导致 AS 的增加。总之，与焦虑相关的压力源似乎有可能在认知脆弱性因素方面给个体带来“创伤”。 (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. 保留所有权利。
A large body of research has suggested that anxiety sensitivity (AS) acts as a specific vulnerability factor in the development of anxiety pathology. More recently, attention has turned to the etiology of AS per se. The present study represents a specific test of a Scar model of AS. A Scar model posits that the experience of distress will affect the vulnerability factor. We were specifically interested in evaluating the effects of a specific stressor (spontaneous panic) as well as general distress on changes in AS over time. A large nonclinical sample of young adults (N = 1296) was prospectively followed over a five week highly stressful period of time (i.e. military basic training). Findings were consistent with the Scar model and suggested that the specific stressor of experiencing a panic attack as well as general stressors creating significant anxiety symptoms uniquely contributed to increased levels of AS (regardless of prior history of panic). Moreover, the experience of spontaneous panic in the context of generally low levels of distress (both anxiety and depression) appeared to be particularly pernicious in terms of resulting in greater increases in AS. In sum, anxiety-related stressors appear to have the potential to 'scar' individuals in regard to this cognitive vulnerability factor. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.