The utility of the self‐controlled study design for pharmacoepidemiological studies without an active comparator medication using a medical information database: An application to assess the risk of varenicline on cardiovascular outcomes

The utility of the self‐controlled study design for pharmacoepidemiological studies without an active comparator medication using a medical information database: An application to assess the risk of varenicline on cardiovascular outcomes
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使用医疗信息数据库,在没有活性比较药物的情况下,自我对照研究设计在药物流行病学研究中的实用性:评估伐尼克兰对心血管结局的风险的应用

DOI:
10.1002/pds.5634
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Matsuyama Yutaka
Matsuyama Yutaka
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yokoyama Ryo;Takeuchi Yoshinori;Kumamaru Hiraku;Matsuyama Yutaka

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目的:为了说明自身对照研究设计对于没有有效对照的研究的实用性,我们使用日本医学索赔数据库,比较了具有非用户对照的队列设计研究和自身对照设计研究的结果,以评估伐伦克林对心血管结果的风险。采用非使用者对照队列研究设计,根据患者的性别、年龄、病史、服药史和健康筛查结果,使用Cox模型估计了varenicline初次住院与心血管结果的风险比(HR)和95%可信区间(CI)。采用自身对照研究设计,根据病史、用药史和健康筛查结果调整的分层考克斯模型估计受试者内的HR。最近一项荟萃分析的估计被视为黄金标准(风险比:1.03)。结果我们在数据库中确定了460名 464吸烟者(398名 694名男性[86.6%;平均(标准差)年龄:42.9[10.8]岁)。在这些患者中,11名 -561至少服用过一次伐伦克林,4511名患者出现了心血管事件。非用户对照队列研究设计的估计值超过黄金标准(HR[95%CI]:2.04[1.22-3.42]),而自身对照研究设计的估计值接近黄金标准(受试者内部HR[95%CI]:1.12[0.27-4.70])。结论基于医学信息数据库,在评估药物相对于未使用药物的风险时,自我对照研究设计是有用的替代方案。
PurposeTo illustrate the utility of the self‐controlled study design for studies without an active comparator, we compared the results of a cohort design study with a non‐user comparator with those of a self‐controlled design study in evaluating the risk of varenicline on cardiovascular outcomes, using a Japanese medical claims database.MethodsThe participating smokers were identified from health‐screening results collected between May 2008 and April 2017. Using a non‐user‐comparator cohort study design, we estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of varenicline on initial hospitalization with cardiovascular outcomes using Cox's model adjusted for patients' sex, age, medical history, medication history, and health‐screening results. Using a self‐controlled study design, the within‐subject HR was estimated using a stratified Cox's model adjusted for medical history, medication history, and health‐screening results. The estimate from a recent meta‐analysis was considered the gold standard (risk ratio: 1.03).ResultsWe identified 460 464 smokers (398 694 males [86.6%]; mean (standard deviation) age: 42.9 [10.8] years) in the database. Of these, 11 561 had been dispensed varenicline at least once, and 4511 had experienced cardiovascular outcomes. The estimate of the non‐user‐comparator cohort study design exceeded the gold standard (HR [95% CI]: 2.04 [1.22–3.42]), whereas that of the self‐controlled study design was close to the gold standard (within‐subject HR [95% CI]: 1.12 [0.27–4.70]).ConclusionsThe self‐controlled study design is useful alternative to a non‐user‐comparator cohort design when evaluating the risk of medications relative to their non‐use, based on a medical information database.
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