Evidence for an altered architecture and a hierarchical modulation of inhibitory control processes in ADHD
Evidence for an altered architecture and a hierarchical modulation of inhibitory control processes in ADHD
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100623
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Beste, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chmielewski, Witold;Bluschke, Annet;Beste, Christian
抑制性控制缺陷是ADHD的一个标志。然而，抑制性控制包括许多实体（例如“干扰抑制”和“作用抑制”）。研究这些类型的抑制控制之间的相互作用提供了对ADHD抑制控制结构的见解。结合Simon任务和Go/Nogo任务，我们评估了“干扰抑制”和“动作抑制”的相互作用。这与EEG记录、EEG数据分解和源定位相结合。在ADHD患者中，围棋试验中的西蒙干扰效应更大。在神经生理学水平上，这种对ADHD干扰的抑制不足与上级顶叶皮层有关。与对照组相比，在ADHD的行动抑制（Nogo）试验中不存在Simon干扰效应。这一点得到了baidu统计数据的支持。效果的威力超过95%。组间的差异效应与上级额回神经生理反应选择过程的调制有关。ADHD不仅与抑制控制缺陷有关。相反，在ADHD中，抑制控制系统的组织和结构是不同的。可区分的抑制性控制过程在分层的“先到先得”的基础上进行操作，并且不集成在ADHD中。这是ADHD的一个新方面。
Inhibitory control deficits are a hallmark in ADHD. Yet, inhibitory control includes a multitude of entities (e.g. 'inhibition of interferences' and 'action inhibition'). Examining the interplay between these kinds of inhibitory control provides insights into the architecture of inhibitory control in ADHD. Combining a Simon task and a Go/Nogo task, we assessed the interplay of 'inhibition of interferences' and 'action inhibition'. This was combined with EEG recordings, EEG data decomposition and source localization. Simon interference effects in Go trials were larger in ADHD. At the neurophysiological level, this insufficient inhibition of interferences in ADHD related to the superior parietal cortex. Simon interference effects were absent in action inhibition (Nogo) trials in ADHD, compared to controls. This was supported by bayesian statistics. The power of effects was higher than 95%. The differential effects between the groups were associated with modulations of neurophysiological response selection processes in the superior frontal gyrus. ADHD is not only associated with deficits in inhibitory control. Rather, the organization and architecture of the inhibitory control system is different in ADHD. Distinguishable inhibitory control processes operate on a hierarchical 'first come, first serve' basis and are not integrated in ADHD. This is a new facet of ADHD.