Evaluation of Chlorine Treatment Levels for Inactivation of Human Norovirus and MS2 Bacteriophage during Sewage Treatment
Evaluation of Chlorine Treatment Levels for Inactivation of Human Norovirus and MS2 Bacteriophage during Sewage Treatment
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.01270-17
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Van Doren, Jane M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kingsley, David H.;Fay, Johnna P.;Van Doren, Jane M.
本研究考察了在模拟污水处理的条件下氯对人诺如病毒（HuNoV）GI. 1和GII. 4的灭活。使用猪胃粘蛋白-磁珠（PGM-MB）测定，对于分别为5和>5 log（10）单位的诺如病毒指示剂MS 2噬菌体的二级流出物处理，未观察到HuNoV结合（灭活）的统计学显著损失。治疗时间的评估表明，绝大多数的MS 2和HuNoV失活发生在第一个5分钟的0.2 μ m过滤，预氯化二级出水。用MS 2和HuNoV接种的二级流出物的游离氯测量显示了大量的氧化负担。在25、50和100 ppm处理下，暴露5分钟后的游离氯水平范围分别为0.21至0.58 ppm、0.28至16.7 ppm和11.6至53 ppm。在>50 ppm的氯处理水平下，在PGM-MB结合的HuNoV（潜在感染性）颗粒的减少与未结合的（非感染性）HuNoV颗粒或总诺如病毒颗粒的减少之间观察到统计学显著差异。虽然结果表明MS 2和HuNoV（测量为PGM-MB结合）表现相似，但不完全相同，两者对氯处理的敏感性有限，
This study examined the inactivation of human norovirus (HuNoV) GI.1 and GII.4 by chlorine under conditions mimicking sewage treatment. Using a porcine gastric mucin-magnetic bead (PGM-MB) assay, no statistically significant loss in HuNoV binding (inactivation) was observed for secondary effluent treatments of 5, and >5 log(10) units, respectively, of the norovirus indicator MS2 bacteriophage. Evaluation of treatment time indicated that the vast majority of MS2 and HuNoV inactivation occurred in the first 5 min for 0.2-mu m filtered, prechlorinated secondary effluent. Free chlorine measurements of secondary effluent seeded with MS2 and HuNoV demonstrated substantial oxidative burdens. With 25, 50, and 100 ppm treatments, free chlorine levels after 5 min of exposure ranged from 0.21 to 0.58 ppm, from 0.28 to 16.7 ppm, and from 11.6 to 53 ppm, respectively. At chlorine treatment levels of >50 ppm, statistically significant differences were observed between reductions for PGM-MB-bound HuNoV (potentially infectious) particles and those for unbound (noninfectious) HuNoV particles or total norovirus particles. While results suggested that MS2 and HuNoV (measured as PGM-MB binding) behave similarly, although not identically, both have limited susceptibility to chlorine treatments of