Readability of patient education materials: Implications for clinical practice
Readability of patient education materials: Implications for clinical practice
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DOI：
10.1016/s0897-1897(96)80254-0
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发表时间：
1996-08-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Swanson, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albright, J;deGuzman, C;Swanson, J
方法：1993年，项目组成员调查了50件最广泛使用的病人教育材料，10件来自四个地区的护士代表定义的每个地区。标准可读性公式的多项措施被用来评估材料的等级水平：（1）Dale-Chall（Dale & Chall，1948）;（2）Fog（Gunning，1968）;（3）Flesch（1943）;（4）Flesh-Kincaid（Kincaid，Fishburne，Rogers，& Chissom，1975）;（5）Fry（1968）;（6）SMOG（McLaughlin，1969）。同一结构的多个测量值之间的一致性增强了有效性（Burns &格罗夫，1993）。使用这些公式，计算文章的可读性，并将其报告为完全理解所需的等级水平;将来自每种材料的100个单词的文章输入Apple计算机中，并使用阅读水平分析程序3.3版（Berta-Max，Inc.，西雅图，WA）（哈代和杰曼，1984）。分析中使用的单词和句子因素包括单词总数、句子总数、平均句子长度、音节总数、词缀、单词列表、个人参考以及三个或三个以上音节的单词。计算机程序使用每个可读性公式报告每个小册子的可读性分数（完全理解所需的等级），以及六个分数的平均值或平均可读性。使用描述性技术分析定量数据。
METHODSIn 1993, the project team members surveyed a total of 50 pieces of the most widely used patient education materials, 10 pieces from each of the four areas as defined by the nurse representative from each of the areas. Multiple measures of standard readability formulae were used to assess the grade level at which materials were written:(1) Dale-Chall (Dale & Chall, 1948);(2) Fog (Gunning, 1968);(3) Flesch (1943);(4) Flesh-Kincaid (Kincaid, Fishburne, Rogers, & Chissom, 1975);(5) Fry (1968); and (6) SMOG (McLaughlin, 1969). Congruence among multiple measures of the same construct enhances validity (Burns & Grove, 1993). Using these formulae, the readability of a passage was calculated and reported as the necessary grade level for full comprehension; passages of 100 words from each of the materials were entered into an Apple computer and analyzed using the Reading Level Analysis Program Version 3.3 (Berta-Max, Inc., Seattle, WA)(Hardy & Jerman, 1984). Word and sentence factors used in the analysis included total number of words, total number of sentences, average sentence length, total number of syllables, affixes, word lists, personal references, and words with three or more syllables. The computer program reported the readability score (grade level necessary for full comprehension) for each pamphlet using each of the readability formulae and also the mean or average readability of the six scores. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive techniques.