INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTUAL INFORMATION-PROCESSING AND THEIR RELATION TO AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT INVOLVEMENT
INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTUAL INFORMATION-PROCESSING AND THEIR RELATION TO AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT INVOLVEMENT
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DOI：
10.1037/0021-9010.61.2.229
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发表时间：
1976-01-01
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
BARRETT, GV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MIHAL, WL;BARRETT, GV
使用驾驶员决策的知觉信息处理模型作为框架，选择和设计事故涉及的预测因子。75名商业司机在驾驶模拟器上接受了嵌入图形测试、选择性注意测试和杆框测试。场依赖性、选择性注意和复杂反应时的预测因子与事故涉入显著相关。初始反应时间、简单反应时间和选择反应时间与事故率无关。场依赖的视觉测量和选择性注意的听觉测量在预测的方向上相关，场独立的驾驶员在选择性知觉中犯的错误更少。这一发现支持了进一步发展驾驶任务的信息处理模型的重要性。由于越来越多的证据表明，与事故相关的信息处理中稳定的个体差异，应该考虑设计技术来发展这些技能。(参考文献16)
Used a perceptual-information-processing model of driver decision making as a framework to select and devise predictors of accident involvement. 75 commercial drivers were tested in a driving simulator and were given the Embedded Figures Test, Selective Attention Test, and rod-and-frame test. The predictors of field dependence, selective attention, and complex reaction time significantly related to accident involvement. Initial, simple, and choice reaction time did not relate to accident rate. The visual measures of field dependence and the auditory measure of selective attention were related in the predicted direction, with the field-independent drivers making fewer errors in selective perception. This finding lends support to the importance of the further development of an information-processing model of the driving task. Since evidence is accumulating that stable individual differences in information processing relate to accident involvement, consideration should be given to devising techniques to develop these skills.(16 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)