Programming Presidential Agendas: Partisan and Media Environments that Lead Presidents to Fight Crime and Corruption
Programming Presidential Agendas: Partisan and Media Environments that Lead Presidents to Fight Crime and Corruption
复制标题
制定总统议程：引导总统打击犯罪和腐败的党派和媒体环境
DOI：
10.1080/10584609.2012.762075
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Elizabeth A. Stein and Marisa Kellam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hideki Konishi and Kozo Ueda;Shuhei Kurizaki and Taehee Whang;Marisa KELLAM;栗崎周平・黄太熙;Elizabeth A. Stein and Marisa Kellam
本文探讨了媒体和党派问责机制如何影响拉丁美洲的总统议程。作者认为，当反对党和自由媒体帮助公民在选举之间追究总统的责任时，强大的总统制的反应能力就会增加。当总统必须与一个有凝聚力的、意识形态上的反对派和对其权力的有效限制作斗争时，他们转向了具有广泛吸引力的、他们有更大控制力的效价问题。一个自由的媒体--一个没有重大经济、法律的或政治约束的媒体--迫使总统对选民的关注做出回应，这些关注包括犯罪和腐败，这是由于新闻内容的激励和媒体的新闻设定权力。作者分析了18个国家的50多个总统任期，发现当拉丁美洲总统面临自由和竞争的媒体或强大的立法反对时，谋杀率和腐败水平往往较低。因此，这项研究提出，努力改善媒体或党派环境，或两者兼而有之，将有助于解决拉丁美洲的问责赤字，促进该地区的善治。
This article examines how media and partisan mechanisms of accountability influence presidential agendas in Latin America. The authors argue that responsiveness increases in powerful presidential systems when opposition parties and free media help citizens hold presidents accountablebetweenelections. Where presidents must contend with a cohesive, ideological opposition and effective constraints to their power, they turn to valence issues with broad appeal and over which they have greater control. A free media—one without significant economic, legal, or political constraints—pressures the president to respond to the electorate's concerns, which include crime and corruption due to the incentives that motivate news content and the media's agenda-setting powers. Analyzing more than 50 presidential terms across 18 countries, the authors show that when Latin American presidents face either free and competitive media or strong legislative oppositions, homicide rates and the level of perceived corruption tend to be lower. Thus, this study proposes that efforts to improve media or partisan environments, or both, would help address Latin America's accountability deficit and promote good governance in the region.