Novel rapid-acting antidepressants: molecular and cellular signaling mechanisms.
Novel rapid-acting antidepressants: molecular and cellular signaling mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1042/ns20170010
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Duman, Ronald S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thomas, Alexandra M;Duman, Ronald S
抑郁症是一种慢性的、使人衰弱的、常见的疾病。目前可用的药物治疗可能是有帮助的，但有几个主要缺点，包括低或无反应的显著比率和长的治疗时间滞后。为了寻求更好的治疗方案，最近的研究集中在速效抗抑郁药上，包括N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体（NMDAR）拮抗剂氯胺酮，它以不同于典型抗抑郁药机制的方式影响一系列信号通路。由于氯胺酮和类似药物有望大大改善抑郁症患者的治疗选择，因此人们对开发新方法来了解这些化合物如何影响大脑产生了相当大的兴趣。在这里，我们回顾了目前对速效抗抑郁药功能的理解，包括它们对神经信号通路和神经回路的影响，以及用于解决这些问题的研究技术。
Depression is a chronic, debilitating, and common illness. Currently available pharmacotherapies can be helpful but have several major drawbacks, including substantial rates of low or no response and a long therapeutic time lag. In pursuit of better treatment options, recent research has focussed on rapid-acting antidepressants, including the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine, which affects a range of signaling pathways in ways that are distinct from the mechanisms of typical antidepressants. Because ketamine and similar drugs hold the promise of dramatically improving treatment options for depressed patients, there has been considerable interest in developing new ways to understand how these compounds affect the brain. Here, we review the current understanding of how rapid-acting antidepressants function, including their effects on neuronal signaling pathways and neural circuits, and the research techniques being used to address these questions.