Influence of invasive crayfish on fine sediment transport, ingress and bed storage in lowland rivers
Influence of invasive crayfish on fine sediment transport, ingress and bed storage in lowland rivers
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入侵小龙虾对低地河流细泥沙输送、进入和河床储存的影响
DOI：
10.1002/rra.3995
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Mathers K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mathers K
历史上，人们一直认为非生物力主导河流沉积物动力学。然而，越来越多的工作表明生物能也可以对沉积物动力学发挥重要的控制作用。考虑到任何影响都可能破坏生态系统的自然平衡，入侵物种在改变细小沉积物动态方面可能发挥的作用尤其重要。在这里，我们在 18 周的时间内研究了入侵信号小龙虾 (Pacisfastcus leniusculus) 对人口稠密河流中细小沉积物运输和储存的影响，并与附近没有小龙虾的对照河流进行了比较。我们观察到与小龙虾存在相关的浊度日波动的明显证据，包括 1 天周期内功率峰值的周期图。精细沉积物通量表明，小龙虾对基流负荷的贡献比单独非生物强迫下的贡献平均多出 18.5%。在对照地点也观察到悬浮沉积物浓度的时间变化，但这些变化的特征不同，并且没有表现出清晰的时间模式或一致性，如周期图分析所证实的。相对于对照地点，小龙虾对沉积物进入速率没有影响，并且在小龙虾地点，河段规模沉积物收支在采样期间处于净平衡状态。我们的结果提供了进一步的证据，表明生物能改变了河流细沉积物动力学，并值得在沉积物动力学模型中考虑。
Historically it has been assumed that abiotic forces dominate fluvial sediment dynamics. However, a growing body of work indicates that biological energy can also exert a significant control over sediment dynamics. The role that invasive species may play in altering fine sediment dynamics is particularly pertinent given that any influence may disrupt the natural equilibrium of the ecosystem. Here we investigated the effect of invasive signal crayfish (Pacisfastcus leniusculus) on the transport and storage of fine sediment in a densely populated river compared with a nearby control river without crayfish, over an 18‐week period. We observed clear evidence of diurnal fluctuations in turbidity associated with crayfish presence including periodograms with power peaks at a period of 1 day. Fine sediment fluxes indicated that crayfish contributed on average 18.5% extra to baseflow loads than would be likely under abiotic forcing alone. Temporal variations in suspended sediment concentrations were also observed at the control site but these were different in character and exhibited no clear temporal pattern or consistency as confirmed by periodogram analysis. Crayfish did not have an effect on sediment ingress rates relative to the control site and, at the crayfish site, the reach scale sediment budget was in net equilibrium during the sampling period. Our results provide further evidence that biological energy alters riverine fine sediment dynamics and warrants consideration in sediment dynamic models.
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
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