Understanding the association between adolescent marijuana use and later serious drug use: Gateway effect or developmental trajectory?
Understanding the association between adolescent marijuana use and later serious drug use: Gateway effect or developmental trajectory?
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579408000308
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wiebe, Richard P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cleveland, H. Harrington;Wiebe, Richard P.
由于大麻的使用往往先于其他精神活性物质的使用，它已被定性为这些其他物质的门户。本研究使用了来自全国青少年纵向研究（添加健康）的同卵（MZ）和异卵（DZ）双胞胎对的数据，以研究早期大麻对后期硬毒品使用的“网关效应”作用。差异分数分析显示，对内差异在早期大麻使用，控制早期硬毒品使用的差异，和同龄人大麻使用预测DZ双胞胎对内硬毒品使用的差异。相比之下，MZ双胞胎中大麻使用的早期差异并不能预测后来的硬性毒品使用差异。而不是支持早期大麻使用“触发”后来硬毒品使用的解释，这些结果表明，药物使用的纵向模式，已被解释为“网关效应”可能更好地概念化为遗传影响的发展轨迹。
Because marijuana use often precedes the use of other psychoactive substances, it has been characterized as a gateway to these other substances. The present study used data from both monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Youth (Add Health) to examine the "gateway effect" role of earlier marijuana on later hard drug use. Difference score analyses reveal that within-pair differences in earlier marijuana use, controlling for differences in earlier hard drug use, and peer marijuana use predicted later within-pair hard drug use differences for DZ twin pairs. In contrast, earlier differences in marijuana use among MZ twin pairs did not predict later hard drug use differences. Rather than supporting the interpretation that earlier marijuana use "triggers" later hard drug use, these results suggest that the longitudinal pattern of drug use that has been interpreted as the "gateway effect" might be better conceptualized as a genetically influenced developmental trajectory.