Biodiversity as a multidimensional construct: a review, framework and case study of herbivory's impact on plant biodiversity.
Biodiversity as a multidimensional construct: a review, framework and case study of herbivory's impact on plant biodiversity.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2015.3005
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发表时间：
2016-12-14
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schuster W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naeem S;Prager C;Weeks B;Varga A;Flynn DF;Griffin K;Muscarella R;Palmer M;Wood S;Schuster W
生物多样性本质上是多维的，包括分类、功能、系统发育、遗传、景观和地球上生命变异性的许多其他因素。然而，这种多维性的基本原理很少应用于旨在了解生物多样性对生态系统功能及其提供的服务的价值的研究。这种疏忽意味着我们目前对生物多样性丧失的生态和环境后果的理解主要局限于单维研究所揭示的内容。为了解决这一问题，本文在回顾相关文献的基础上，提出了多维生物多样性研究的概念框架，并通过实例对该框架进行了探讨。本研究考察了纽约黑岩森林中白尾鹿（Odocoileus virginianus）的食草性如何改变生物多样性对林下植物覆盖的多维影响。利用生物多样性的三个维度（分类、功能和系统发育多样性）来探索我们的框架，我们发现食草性改变生物多样性对植物覆盖的多维影响；一种不能通过单维方法观察到的效应。尽管我们的综述、框架和案例研究说明了多维方法相对于一维方法的优势，但它们也说明了此类工作所带来的统计和经验挑战。然而，如果我们要更好地理解和管理我们在可预见的未来面临的生物多样性继续下降的后果，那么在数据和资源允许的情况下应对这些挑战将是重要的。
Biodiversity is inherently multidimensional, encompassing taxonomic, functional, phylogenetic, genetic, landscape and many other elements of variability of life on the Earth. However, this fundamental principle of multidimensionality is rarely applied in research aimed at understanding biodiversity's value to ecosystem functions and the services they provide. This oversight means that our current understanding of the ecological and environmental consequences of biodiversity loss is limited primarily to what unidimensional studies have revealed. To address this issue, we review the literature, develop a conceptual framework for multidimensional biodiversity research based on this review and provide a case study to explore the framework. Our case study specifically examines how herbivory by whitetail deer (Odocoileus virginianus) alters the multidimensional influence of biodiversity on understory plant cover at Black Rock Forest, New York. Using three biodiversity dimensions (taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity) to explore our framework, we found that herbivory alters biodiversity's multidimensional influence on plant cover; an effect not observable through a unidimensional approach. Although our review, framework and case study illustrate the advantages of multidimensional over unidimensional approaches, they also illustrate the statistical and empirical challenges such work entails. Meeting these challenges, however, where data and resources permit, will be important if we are to better understand and manage the consequences we face as biodiversity continues to decline in the foreseeable future.
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