Metagenomic analysis of the microbiota in the highly compartmented hindguts of six wood- or soil-feeding higher termites.
Metagenomic analysis of the microbiota in the highly compartmented hindguts of six wood- or soil-feeding higher termites.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40168-015-0118-1
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发表时间：
2015-11-26
期刊：
影响因子：
15.5
通讯作者：
Brune A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rossmassler K;Dietrich C;Thompson C;Mikaelyan A;Nonoh JO;Scheffrahn RH;Sillam-Dussès D;Brune A
白蚁是热带生态系统碳氮循环的重要贡献者。高等白蚁在腐殖化的各个阶段消化木质纤维素，这是在它们分隔的肠道中的完全原核微生物群的帮助下进行的。先前的研究揭示了隔间之间的群落结构的根本差异，但在共生消化中的单个谱系的功能作用大多是未知的。在这里，我们对六种以不同腐殖化水平的植物材料为食的高等白蚁的肠道微生物群进行了高分辨率分析。结合扩增子测序和宏基因组学，我们评估了主要后肠区室（P1，P3和P4）之间的社区结构和功能潜力的相似性。聚类分析的相对丰度的orthopathic基因簇（COG）之间的相似性很高的木材和凋落物喂养的白蚁和强烈的差异，以腐食性物种。然而，基于16 S rRNA基因的细菌门的丰度估计与基于蛋白质编码基因的丰度估计有很大不同。个体肠道区室中微生物群的群落结构和功能潜力显然是由宿主的消化策略驱动的。在这项研究中获得的宏基因组文库为未来的研究提供了基础，阐明了共生体介导的分解木质纤维素和腐殖质的白蚁的不同喂养组的根本差异。所有样品中未培养细菌谱系的高比例要求采用不依赖参考的方法来正确分类分配蛋白质编码基因。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s40168-015-0118-1）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Termites are important contributors to carbon and nitrogen cycling in tropical ecosystems. Higher termites digest lignocellulose in various stages of humification with the help of an entirely prokaryotic microbiota housed in their compartmented intestinal tract. Previous studies revealed fundamental differences in community structure between compartments, but the functional roles of individual lineages in symbiotic digestion are mostly unknown. Here, we conducted a highly resolved analysis of the gut microbiota in six species of higher termites that feed on plant material at different levels of humification. Combining amplicon sequencing and metagenomics, we assessed similarities in community structure and functional potential between the major hindgut compartments (P1, P3, and P4). Cluster analysis of the relative abundances of orthologous gene clusters (COGs) revealed high similarities among wood- and litter-feeding termites and strong differences to humivorous species. However, abundance estimates of bacterial phyla based on 16S rRNA genes greatly differed from those based on protein-coding genes. Community structure and functional potential of the microbiota in individual gut compartments are clearly driven by the digestive strategy of the host. The metagenomics libraries obtained in this study provide the basis for future studies that elucidate the fundamental differences in the symbiont-mediated breakdown of lignocellulose and humus by termites of different feeding groups. The high proportion of uncultured bacterial lineages in all samples calls for a reference-independent approach for the correct taxonomic assignment of protein-coding genes. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40168-015-0118-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.