Planting Density Does Not Affect Root Shape Traits Associated with Market Class in Carrot
Planting Density Does Not Affect Root Shape Traits Associated with Market Class in Carrot
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DOI：
10.21273/hortsci17232-23
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发表时间：
2023-09
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Andrey Vega;I. Goldman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andrey Vega;I. Goldman
胡萝卜（Daucus carota var.具有共同的根形状、外观和最终用途的栽培品种被分类并在市场上销售。胡萝卜贮藏根的形状是生长发育的结果，受基因型的影响很大;然而，种植密度在多大程度上影响根形性状及其与基因型的相互作用仍有待研究。为了观察市场类别和密度对胡萝卜根形状特征的影响，将5个品种分为5个不同的市场类别，包括Imperator、南特、Danvers、Chantenay和Ball，每个品种在50万至450万株/公顷的5种种植密度下种植。一个广义的完全区组设计与两个因素，密度和基因型的双向析因处理安排，在三个环境中使用。使用数字成像管道对根进行表型分析，并对根大小（长度，最大宽度）和复合根形状性状（包括来自根轮廓轮廓（如根填充和尖端和肩部曲率）的主成分分析的性状）进行评分。结果表明，种植密度对胡萝卜根的形状影响最小，并且无论种植密度如何，每个市场类别的预期形状都保持不变;然而，分析受到基因型，密度和环境之间存在相互作用的限制，这影响了主效应对形状的贡献。对于南特，丹弗斯，Chantenay，和Imperator市场类，种植密度影响胡萝卜根的大小，与大小减少高达50%的长度和宽度在高种植密度。我们发现高估计的广义遗传力的性状，确定胡萝卜根的形状，如根填充和长宽比，这捕获大小无关的变化的存储根。虽然环境信号发挥了作用，我们的研究结果表明，胡萝卜根的形状主要是由基因型决定的，种植密度一般不会对其形状产生显着影响。
Carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus) cultivars with common root shape, appearance, and end-use are grouped and commercialized in market classes. The shape of the carrot storage root is the result of growth and development, which is highly influenced by genotype; however, the extent to which planting density affects root shape traits and its interaction with genotype remains unexplored. To observe the effects of market class and density on carrot root shape characteristics, five cultivars classified in five different market classes, including Imperator, Nantes, Danvers, Chantenay, and Ball, were each grown at five planting densities ranging from 0.5 million to 4.5 million plants/ha. A generalized complete block design with a two-way factorial treatment arrangement of the two factors, density and genotype, was used in three environments. Roots were phenotyped using a digital imaging pipeline and scored for root size (length, maximum width) and compound root shape traits including traits derived from the principal component analysis of root contour profiles like root fill and tip and shoulder curvature. The results suggest that planting density had minimal impact on the shape of carrot roots, and the expected shape for each market class was maintained regardless of planting density; however, the analysis was constrained by the presence of interactions among genotype, density, and environment, which influence the contribution of main effects to shape. For the Nantes, Danvers, Chantenay, and Imperator market classes, planting density influenced the size of the carrot root, with size decreasing by up to 50% in length and width at high planting densities. We found high estimates of broad-sense heritability for traits that determine the shape of the carrot root, such as root fill and length-to-width ratio, which capture size-independent variation of the storage root. Although environmental signals play a role, our results suggested that the shape of the carrot root is primarily determined by genotype, and that planting density generally does not have a significant effect on its shape.