Could Genetic Enhancement Really Lead to Obsolescence?
Could Genetic Enhancement Really Lead to Obsolescence?
复制标题
基因增强真的会导致衰老吗？
DOI：
10.1080/15265161.2019.1618962
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lázaro-Muñoz,Gabriel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zuk,Peter;Kostick,KristinM;Lázaro-Muñoz,Gabriel
基因增强真的会导致衰老吗？受访者越不认为所有人都具有同等价值，这个人就越有可能同意从穷人那里购买肾脏，病人应该自杀为家人省钱，未经允许从囚犯身上抽血，并折磨人们试图拯救他人（Evans 2016，60-65）。而且，为了完成这个循环，一个人越强烈地同意人类的能力定义，这个人就越不可能同意军队应该停止种族灭绝，而越有可能同意从穷人那里购买肾脏，人们应该为了省钱而自杀，并折磨人们以试图拯救他人的生命。我把这些立场描绘成把人当作物品对待，但我认识到，它们也是功利主义者经常采取的立场。对于细微差别，请参阅这本书。我会第一个说，我早期的研究并不是这个话题的最终结论，确实，正如斯派洛指出的，我们真的不能得到一个明确的结论，直到技术开始使用和假设的影响开始发生。但是，我认为我的研究基本上支持斯派洛的假设，因此他的担忧是正确的。
Could Genetic Enhancement Really Lead to Obsolescence? the less a respondent thought that all humans had equal value, the more likely the person was to agree with buying kidneys from poor people, that sick people should commit suicide to save money for their families, with taking blood from prisoners without their permission, and with torturing people to try to save others (Evans 2016, 60-65). And, to finish the loop, the more strongly someone agreed with the capacities definition of the human, the less likely the person was to agree that militaries should stop genocides and the more likely to agree with buying a kidney from a poor person, that people should commit suicide to save money, and to torture people to try to save others' lives. I portray these positions as treating people like objects, but I recognize that they are also the positions often taken by utilitarians. For nuance, see the book.I would be the first to say that my earlier research is not the final word on this topic and indeed, as Sparrow points out, we really cannot get a definitive conclusion until the technology starts being used and the hypothesized effects begin to happen. But, I think my research generally supports Sparrow's hypothesis, and he is therefore right to be concerned.