A generalist and a specialist herbivore are differentially affected by inbreeding and trichomes in Mimulus guttatus
A generalist and a specialist herbivore are differentially affected by inbreeding and trichomes in Mimulus guttatus
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多面食草动物和专食食草动物受到近交和毛状体的不同影响
DOI：
10.1002/ecs2.2130
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Carr, David E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haber, Ariela I.;Rivera Sustache, Julia;Carr, David E.
众所周知，植物近亲繁殖会影响植物与草食动物的相互作用，但这些影响可能取决于草食动物宿主的广度。如果近交的表型效应与环境胁迫的表型效应类似，那么植物应激假说预测，相对于远交植物，通才食草动物在近交中的表现会更好，因为近交预计会降低化学防御。植物活力假说预测，相对于近交植物，专科食草动物在远交植物上的表现会更好，因为专科食草动物对植物防御的耐受性更强，并且受益于远交植物更高的营养质量。然而，这些植物防御理论没有考虑结构防御。使用析因设计，我们研究了近交和毛状体密度对多面性玉米须浆和专性性胡须酸浆的表现的影响。我们还研究了每种草食动物对叶盘的偏好以及近交与远交植物的嗅觉线索。多面手H. 玉米在自交植物上发育最有效。专家J. 群落表现出最大的质量增益和蛹质量，并且在远交植物上发育最快。毛状体对这两个物种的性能都有负面影响。Helicoverpa zeadid 对近交植物与远交植物没有表现出强烈的偏好，但是 J。 Coenia始终偏爱远交植物。我们的结果支持了关于近亲繁殖对食草动物性能影响的预测，但毛状体降低了两种食草动物的性能。我们的结论是，植物胁迫和植物活力假设预测近交对植物与草食动物相互作用的影响的能力可能取决于哪些植物性状受到近交影响。
Inbreeding in plants is well known to affect plant–herbivore interactions, but these effects can depend on herbivore host breadth. If the phenotypic effects of inbreeding are analogous to those of environmental stress, the plant stress hypothesis predicts that generalist herbivores will perform better on inbred relative to outbred plants because inbreeding is expected to lower chemical defenses. The plant vigor hypothesis predicts that specialist herbivores will perform better on outbred relative to inbred plants because specialists are more tolerant of plant defenses and benefit from the higher nutritional quality of outbred plants. However, these plant defense theories do not account for structural defenses. Using a factorial design, we examined effects of inbreeding and trichome density inMimulus guttatuson performance of the generalist,Helicoverpa zea,and the specialist,Junonia coenia. We also examined preferences of each herbivore for leaf disks and olfactory cues from inbred vs. outbred plants. The generalistH. zeadeveloped most efficiently on inbred plants. The specialistJ. coeniaexhibited the greatest mass gain and pupal mass and developed fastest on outbred plants. Trichomes negatively affected performance of both species.Helicoverpa zeadid not exhibit strong preferences for inbred vs. outbred plants, butJ. coeniaconsistently preferred outbred plants. Our results support predictions on the effects of inbreeding on herbivore performance, but trichomes reduced performance of both herbivores. We conclude that the ability of the plant stress and plant vigor hypotheses to predict inbreeding effects on plant–herbivore interactions may depend on which plant traits are affected by inbreeding.