Natural mullites: chemical composition, crystal structure, and optical properties

Natural mullites: chemical composition, crystal structure, and optical properties
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天然莫来石:化学成分、晶体结构和光学特性

DOI:
10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2812
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Fischer
Fischer
中科院分区:
地球科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Birkenstock;Fischer;Schüller;Schneider;Fischer

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合成莫来石(Al 2 [Al 2 + 2xSi 2 -2x] O 10-x)是一种非常好表征的材料。由于其出色的性能,它被用于广泛的技术应用,代表了最重要的陶瓷材料之一。与合成产品相比,矿物莫来石的研究很少。在这项研究中,天然莫来石的晶体结构细化首次提出。本文用单晶X射线衍射、电子探针分析(EMPA)和纺锤台法测定了三种产自德国Eifel地区Ettringer Bellerberg(ME 1和ME 2)和捷克共和国克拉德诺(MK 1)的莫来石单晶的折射率。化学分析显示Fe和Ti阳离子的结合,并得到以下Z = 1的每个分子式单元的组成:对于ME 1,Al 4.34 Fe 0.12 Si 1.49 Ti 0.05 O 9.77,对应于x = 0.23(4); ME 2由两个不同的部分组成,其成分为Al4.406Fe0.103Si1.455Ti0.037O9.746和Al4.15Fe0.107Si1.68Ti0.06O9.872,对应tox= 0.254(2)和x = 0.128(14),分别; MK 1的成分为Al4.40Fe0.018Si1.58O9.791,x = 0.209(15)。天然莫来石的晶体结构与合成莫来石相似,均为(Al,Fe)O_6八面体链,由T_2O_7基团平行交联而成,T = Al,Si,氧空位数与总组成中的x值相当。莫来石晶体属正交晶系,空间群为Pbam,ME 1的a = 7.5542(3)<$,B= 7.6998(3)<$,c= 2.8935(1)<$,V= 168.31(2)<$3,ME 2的a= 7.5353(3)<$,B= 7.7018(3)<$,c= 2.8928(3)<$,V= 167.89(4)<$3为两部分的平均值; MK_1的a= 7.5439(3)Ω,B= 7.6958(3)Ω,c= 2.8879(1)Ω,V= 167.66(1)Ω 3。的细化提供了明确的证据,铁主要进入八面体网站,这是一个解释的晶格参数略有增加。结果表明,引入外来阳离子(Fe,Ti)后,折射率增大(ME 1的nx_(10)ny= 1.654(2)和nz = 1.668(2); MK 1的nx_(10)ny= 1.648(4)和nz = 1.662(4))。我们的研究结果证实了先前的发现,即莫来石矿物通常形成在Al 2 O3-SiO2系统的富SiO2侧(x< 0.25),其组成尚未观察到合成莫来石,其通常在约0.25 ≤x≤ 0.4之间。
Synthetic mullite (Al2[Al2+2xSi2-2x]O10-x) is a very well characterised material. Due to its outstanding properties it is used for a vast range of technical applications representing one of the most important groups of ceramic materials. In contrast to the synthetic product, the mineral mullite is only poorly investigated. In this study crystal-structure refinements of natural mullites are presented for the first time. Three mullite single-crystals from the Ettringer Bellerberg, Eifel area, Germany (ME1 & ME2) and from Kladno, Czech Republic (MK1) have been examined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods, Electron Microprobe Analyses (EMPA), and the spindle-stage method to determine the refractive indices. Chemical analyses revealed an incorporation of Fe and Ti cations and yielded the following compositions per formula unit withZ= 1: Al4.34Fe0.12Si1.49Ti0.05O9.77for ME1 corresponding to anx-value ofx= 0.23(4); ME2 consists of two different parts with compositions of Al4.406Fe0.103Si1.455Ti0.037O9.746and Al4.15Fe0.107Si1.68Ti0.06O9.872corresponding tox= 0.254(2) andx= 0.128(14), respectively; MK1 has a composition of Al4.40Fe0.018Si1.58O9.791withx= 0.209(15). The crystal structure of natural mullite is similar to its synthetic counterpart with chains of edge-sharing (Al, Fe)O6octahedra parallelccrosslinked by T2O7groups with T = Al,Si and a number of oxygen vacancies corresponding to thex-value in the general composition. Mullite crystals belong to the orthorhombic space groupPbamwitha= 7.5542(3) Å,b= 7.6998(3) Å,c= 2.8935(1) Å,V= 168.31(2) Å3for ME1;a= 7.5353(3) Å,b= 7.7018(3) Å,c= 2.8928(3) Å,V= 167.89(4) Å3for ME2 representing average values for the two parts;a= 7.5439(3) Å,b= 7.6958(3) Å,c= 2.8879(1) Å,V= 167.66(1) Å3for MK1. The refinements give clear evidence that iron predominantly enters the octahedral sites, which is an explanation for the slight increase in lattice parametersc. It could be demonstrated that the incorporation of the foreign cations (Fe, Ti) increases the refractive indices (nx≈ny= 1.654(2) andnz= 1.668(2) for ME1;nx≈ny= 1.648(4) andnz= 1.662(4) for MK1). Our results confirm previous findings, that mullite minerals are commonly formed on the SiO2-rich side (x< 0.25) of the Al2O3–SiO2system with compositions not yet observed for synthetic mullites, which usually range between about 0.25 ≤x≤ 0.4.
DOI: 10.1107/s0021889894002220
发表时间: 1994
影响因子: 6.1
作者:
B. Butler;T. Welberry
通讯作者: T. Welberry
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发表时间: 2005
影响因子: 3.5
作者:
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DOI: 10.1107/s205252061500757x
发表时间: 2015
期刊: Acta crystallographica Section B, Structural science, crystal engineering and materials
影响因子: --
作者:
J. Birkenstock;V. Petříček;B. Pedersen;H. Schneider;R. Fischer
通讯作者: R. Fischer
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DOI: 10.2138/am.2005.1689
发表时间: 2005
影响因子: 3.1
作者:
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通讯作者: H. Schneider
DOI: 10.1093/petroj/40.4.549
发表时间: 1999
影响因子: 3.9
作者:
R. J. Preston;T. Dempster;B. Bell;G. Rogers
通讯作者: G. Rogers