Gaseous and particulate emissions from rural vehicles in China
Gaseous and particulate emissions from rural vehicles in China
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.03.012
复制
发表时间：
2011-06
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Z. Yao;H. Huo;Qiang Zhang;D. Streets;K. He
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Z. Yao;H. Huo;Qiang Zhang;D. Streets;K. He
农村车辆(RV)由于其庞大的人口、广泛的使用和较高的排放率，可能对整个亚洲的空气污染物排放有很大贡献，但它们的排放以前没有测量过，已经成为区域和全球排放清单准确性的主要关切。在本研究中，我们在中国的实际道路上使用车载联合排放测量系统对房车的CO、HC、NOx和PM排放进行了测量。我们还将20辆房车的排放水平与之前研究中测量的19辆欧II轻型柴油卡车(LDDT)的排放水平进行了比较。结果表明，单缸RV由于重量和发动机功率较小，其基于距离的排放系数低于LDDT，但基于燃料的PM排放系数显著高于LDDT。四缸房车的排放水平与LDDT相当。基于排放因子和获得的活动数据，我们估计2006年中国房车的总排放量为1049亿GG的CO、332GG的HC、933GG的NOx和54GG的PM，对全国道路柴油CO、NOx和PM排放的贡献率超过40%。由于房车是国家排放的重要贡献者，需要进一步的研究工作来提高各级清单的准确性，政府应该加强对房车的管理，以促进政策制定和研究工作。
Rural vehicles (RVs) could contribute significantly to air pollutant emissions throughout Asia due to their considerable population, extensive usage, and high emission rates, but their emissions have not been measured before and have become a major concern for the accuracy of regional and global emission inventories. In this study, we measured CO, HC, NOxand PM emissions of RVs using a combined on-board emission measurement system on real roads in China. We also compared the emission levels of the twenty RVs to those of nineteen Euro II light-duty diesel trucks (LDDTs) that we measured for previous studies. The results show that one-cylinder RVs have lower distance-based emission factors compared to LDDTs because of their smaller weight and engine power, but they have significantly higher fuel-based PM emission factors than LDDTs. Four-cylinder RVs have equivalent emission levels to LDDTs. Based on the emission factors and the activity data obtained, we estimate that the total emissions of RVs in China in 2006 were 1049 Gg of CO, 332 Gg of HC, 933 Gg of NOx, and 54 Gg of PM, contributing over 40% to national on-road diesel CO, NOx, and PM emissions. As RVs are a significant contributor to national emissions, further research work is needed to improve the accuracy of inventories at all levels, and the government should strengthen the management of RVs to facilitate both policy making and research work.