Suprathreshold Differences in Competing Speech Perception in Older Listeners With Normal and Impaired Hearing.
Suprathreshold Differences in Competing Speech Perception in Older Listeners With Normal and Impaired Hearing.
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听力正常和受损的老年听众竞争性言语感知的超阈值差异。
DOI：
10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00324
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发表时间：
2020
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lindeman,MichaelP
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作者：
Venezia,JonathanH;Leek,MarjorieR;Lindeman,MichaelP
目的与年龄相关的听觉时间处理和认知能力的下降使老年听众容易受到竞争性语音的干扰。由于频谱失真和加速认知能力下降的额外影响，患有感音神经性听力损失的老年听众的这种脆弱性可能会增加。本研究的目的是揭示老年听力受损 (OHI) 听众和老年听力正常 (ONH) 听众在竞争语音信号的感知编码方面的差异。方法年龄匹配的 10 名 OHI 和 10 名 ONH 听众组与合成女性目标说话者和男性竞争说话者以 +3 dB 的目标掩蔽比执行协调响应测量任务。为 OHI 听众提供了个性化的增益。每个听众完成 50 次基线和 800 次“气泡”试验，其中随机选择的语音调制功率谱 (MPS) 片段在每次试验中保留，而其余部分则被滤除。通过调整保留的段数，平均性能被固定在 50% 的正确率。使用多项回归来估计显示与表现相关的 MPS 区域的权重（“分类图像”或 CImg）。结果两个 MPS 区域中各组之间的 CImg 权重显着不同：一个区域编码两个说话者共享的语音内容，另一个区域编码竞争（男性）说话者的声音。 OHI 听众表现出较差的语音内容编码，并且更容易受到竞争说话者的干扰。 CImg 权重的个体差异解释了 OHI 听众基线表现中超过 75% 的差异，而高频纯音阈值的差异仅解释了 10%。 结论 低频到中频 (~5-10 Hz) 时间调制编码中的超阈值缺陷（这可能反映了较差的“下沉听力”）以及知觉和/或认知水平上的听觉分组是 OHI 与 ONH 听众相对较差的表现的原因。不同性别的竞争性言语任务。补充材料https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12568472
PurposeAge-related declines in auditory temporal processing and cognition make older listeners vulnerable to interference from competing speech. This vulnerability may be increased in older listeners with sensorineural hearing loss due to additional effects of spectral distortion and accelerated cognitive decline. The goal of this study was to uncover differences between older hearing-impaired (OHI) listeners and older normal-hearing (ONH) listeners in the perceptual encoding of competing speech signals.MethodAge-matched groups of 10 OHI and 10 ONH listeners performed the coordinate response measure task with a synthetic female target talker and a male competing talker at a target-to-masker ratio of +3 dB. Individualized gain was provided to OHI listeners. Each listener completed 50 baseline and 800 “bubbles” trials in which randomly selected segments of the speech modulation power spectrum (MPS) were retained on each trial while the remainder was filtered out. Average performance was fixed at 50% correct by adapting the number of segments retained. Multinomial regression was used to estimate weights showing the regions of the MPS associated with performance (a “classification image” or CImg).ResultsThe CImg weights were significantly different between the groups in two MPS regions: a region encoding the shared phonetic content of the two talkers and a region encoding the competing (male) talker's voice. The OHI listeners demonstrated poorer encoding of the phonetic content and increased vulnerability to interference from the competing talker. Individual differences in CImg weights explained over 75% of the variance in baseline performance in the OHI listeners, whereas differences in high-frequency pure-tone thresholds explained only 10%.ConclusionSuprathreshold deficits in the encoding of low- to mid-frequency (~5–10 Hz) temporal modulations—which may reflect poorer “dip listening”—and auditory grouping at a perceptual and/or cognitive level are responsible for the relatively poor performance of OHI versus ONH listeners on a different-gender competing speech task.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12568472