Hygiene in the home: relating bugs and behaviour
Hygiene in the home: relating bugs and behaviour
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00409-4
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Drasar, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Curtis, V;Biran, A;Drasar, B
许多传染性肠道疾病（IID）是在家庭环境中产生的。如果要使预防感染的规划有效，就必须既确定有疾病传播风险的特定做法，又了解这些做法的原因。在英国Wirral对家庭环境中的护理人员和儿童卫生进行了深入的多学科研究，采用结构化观察、脊髓灰质炎疫苗病毒和肠道标记生物的表面拭子、半结构化访谈、预测访谈和焦点小组讨论。观察显示，42%的儿童看护人在换完脏尿布后用肥皂洗手，五分之一的人在上厕所后没有用肥皂洗手。在被认为可能涉及粪便物质转移的地点，从家庭表面采集微生物样本。15%的浴室样本被脊髓灰质炎疫苗病毒污染。换尿布主要在客厅里进行。在换尿布期间，经常接触客厅的表面和物体，12%的人发现了粪便污染的证据。客厅样品。在厨房也发现了粪便污染的证据，同样是在被认为可能参与粪便传播的表面（水龙头和肥皂分配器）。促进卫生的关键因素是希望给别人留下好印象，保护孩子和美观。在这种情况下，需要处理的特殊风险做法包括在粪便和尿布接触后用肥皂洗手，并防止病原微生物转移到厨房。孩子出生的时刻可能是促进更安全的家庭卫生习惯的特权时刻。使用脊髓灰质炎疫苗病毒作为粪便污染的一项指标所产生的结果可用于家庭疾病传播的大规模研究。如果要设计有效的卫生促进规划，就需要使用多学科方法更好地了解iids病原体的家庭传播。(C) 2002年Elsevier Science Ltd.出版
Much infectious intestinal disease (IID) arises in the home environment. If programmes to prevent infection are to be effective it is essential to, both identify the particular practices that risk disease transmission, and to understand the reasons for these practices. An in-depth, multidisciplinary study of carer and child hygiene in the domestic environment in the Wirral, UK, employed structured observation, surface swabbing for polio vaccine virus and enteric marker organisms, semi-structured interviews, projective interviews and focus group discussions. Observations revealed that child carers washed hands with soap after changing a dirty nappy on 42% of occasions, and that one in five toilet users did not wash hands with soap afterwards. Microbiological samples were taken from household surfaces at sites thought likely to be involved in the transfer of faecal material. 15% of bathroom samples showed contamination with polio vaccine virus. Nappy changing took place mainly in living rooms. Contact with living room surfaces and objects during nappy changing was frequent and evidence of faecal contamination was found in 12%. of living room samples. Evidence of faecal contamination was also found in kitchens, again on surfaces thought likely to be involved in the transmission of faeces (taps and soap dispensers). Key factors motivating hygiene were the desire to give a good impression to others, protection of the child and aesthetics. In this setting, the particular risk practices to be addressed included washing hands with soap after stool and nappy contact and preventing the transfer of pathogenic organisms to the kitchen. The occasion of the birth of a child may be a privileged moment for the promotion of safer home hygiene practices. Using polio vaccine virus as an indicator of faecal contamination produces results that could be used in large-scale studies of household disease transmission. A better understanding of the household transmission of the agents of IID using multidisciplinary methods is needed if effective hygiene promotion programmes are to be designed. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.