Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus: Findings from a population-based household survey in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus: Findings from a population-based household survey in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijid.2019.06.005
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
8.4
通讯作者：
Kharsany, Ayesha B. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Samsunder, Natasha;Ngcapu, Sinaye;Kharsany, Ayesha B. M.
背景：乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是发病率和死亡率的主要原因；然而，人们对乙肝病毒在一些人群和地区的流行和分布知之甚少。方法：在南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省对9791名15-49岁的参与者进行家庭调查。外周血样本检测HBV标志物（乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg），乙型肝炎e抗原（HBeAg）， HBeAg抗体（抗hbe））并进行分析，考虑多层次抽样和加权以代表人群。结果：总体HBsAg患病率为4.0%(95%可信区间（CI） 3.4-4.5%)，男性为4.8% (95% CI 3.8-5.8%)，女性为3.2% (95% CI 2.5-3.9%) （p = 0.01）。在hbsag阳性的参与者中，35.2% （95% CI 29.2-41.2%）为hbeag阳性，66.3% （95% CI 60.1-72.4%）为抗hbe阳性。hiv阳性参与者的HBsAg患病率为6.4% (95% CI 5.3-7.5%)，而hiv阴性参与者的HBsAg患病率为2.6% (95% CI 1.9-3.2%) (p < 0.01)，并且hiv阳性男性（8.7%,95% CI 6.3-11.2%）高于hiv阳性女性（5.0%,95% CI 3.8-6.2%） （p < 0.01）。结论：hiv阳性男性的HBV感染仍然是南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省社区的一个重要公共卫生问题。HBsAg和HBeAg的流行突出了监测的重要性，以及为实现控制HBV以造福公共卫生的目标而扩大规划的重要错失机会。(C) 2019作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司代表国际传染病学会出版。
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality; however, little is known about the prevalence and distribution of HBV in some populations and regions.Methods: A total of 9791 participants, 15-49 years old, were enrolled in a household survey in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Peripheral blood samples were tested for markers of HBV (hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe)) and analysed, accounting for multilevel sampling and weighted to represent the population.Results: Overall HBsAg prevalence was 4.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.4-4.5%): 4.8% (95% CI 3.8-5.8%) in men and 3.2% (95% CI 2.5-3.9%) in women (p = 0.01). Among HBsAg-positive participants, 35.2% (95% CI 29.2-41.2%) were HBeAg-positive and 66.3% (95% CI 60.1-72.4%) were anti-HBe-positive. HBsAg prevalence was 6.4% (95% CI 5.3-7.5%) among HIV-positive participants compared to 2.6% (95% CI 1.9-3.2%) among HIV-negative participants (p < 0.01), and was higher among HIV-positive men (8.7%, 95% CI 6.3-11.2%) than among HIV-positive women (5.0%, 95% CI 3.8-6.2%) (p < 0.01).Conclusions: HBV infection among HIV-positive men remains an important public health problem in communities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The prevalence of HBsAg and HBeAg highlight the importance of surveillance and an important missed opportunity for the scale-up of programmes to achieve the goal of controlling HBV for public health benefit. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.