DISTRIBUTION AND DEVELOPMENTAL EXPRESSION OF OCTOPAMINE-IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS IN THE CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM OF THE LEECH
DISTRIBUTION AND DEVELOPMENTAL EXPRESSION OF OCTOPAMINE-IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS IN THE CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM OF THE LEECH
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.903530312
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发表时间：
1995-03-13
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
MESCE, KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GILCHRIST, LS;KLUKAS, KA;MESCE, KA
章鱼胺是一种类似于去甲肾上腺素的生物胺，在无脊椎动物行为的协调和调节中起着重要作用。在水蛭中，章鱼胺的行为作用已被证明，然而，章鱼胺能神经元的鉴定还没有确定通过使用免疫组织化学技术。因此，我们使用的抗体高度特异性章鱼胺检查分布的章鱼胺免疫反应神经元的节段神经节的美洲和欧洲药用水蛭（Macrobdella decora和水蛭medicine）。在第1-6节和第15~21节的背外侧神经节区有一对章鱼胺阳性神经元。在第7~14节未见相应的章鱼胺阳性神经元。使用中性红染色结合细胞内神经生物素注射和章鱼胺免疫染色，我们确定了背外侧章鱼胺免疫反应细胞的身份。背外侧章鱼胺免疫反应神经元（DLO）不是细胞21，唯一以前报道的中性红染色神经元在背外侧的位置。我们还确定，Leydig神经元是不是章鱼胺免疫反应的两种药用水蛭。章鱼胺免疫染色的性神经节中发现数百个免疫反应神经元性成熟的水蛭。未观察到这样的神经元在青少年水蛭。通过对胚胎水蛭进行染色，研究了背外侧章鱼胺免疫反应神经元的发育时间过程。章鱼胺的表达发生相对较晚，与5-羟色胺表达的可检测的发病。章鱼胺的表达在背外侧章鱼胺免疫反应细胞是不可检测的早期至中期胚胎阶段，必须开始在胚胎晚期至早期的少年阶段。章鱼胺免疫反应细胞的鉴定为进一步研究章鱼胺在水蛭行为和行为发育中的功能作用奠定了基础。(C)1995年Wiley-Liss，Inc.
Octopamine, a biogenic amine analogous to norepinephrine, plays an important role in the orchestration and modulation of invertebrate behavior. In the leech, the behavioral actions of octopamine have been demonstrated; however, identification of octopaminergic neurons had not been determined by using immunohistochemical techniques. Thus, we used an antibody highly specific to octopamine to examine the distribution of octopamine-immunoreactive neurons in the segmental ganglia of American and European medicinal leeches (Macrobdella decora and Hirudo medicinalis). One pair of octopamine-immunoreactive neurons was located in the dorsolateral ganglionic region of anterior ganglia 1-6 and posterior ganglia 15-21. No corresponding octopamine-immunoreactive neurons were found in midbody ganglia 7-14. Using Neutral Red staining in combination with intracellular Neurobiotin injections and octopamine immunostaining, we determined the identity of the dorsolateral octopamine-immunoreactive cells. The dorsolateral octopamine-immunoreactive neuron (the DLO) was not cell 21, the only previously reported Neutral Red staining neuron in the dorsolateral position. We also determined that the Leydig neuron was not octopamine immunoreactive in either of the two medicinal leech species. Octopamine immunostaining in the sex ganglia revealed hundreds of immunoreactive neurons in sexually mature leeches. Such neurons were not observed in juvenile leeches. The developmental time course of octopamine immunoreactivity in the dorsolateral octopamine-immunoreactive neurons was also investigated by staining embryonic Hirudo medicinalis. Octopamine expression occurred relatively late as compared with the detectable onset of serotonin expression. Octopamine expression in the dorsolateral octopamine-immunoreactive cells was not detectable at early to mid-embryonic stages, and must commence during late embryonic to early juvenile stages. The identification of octopamine-immunoreactive cells now sets the stage for further investigations into the functional role of octopamine in leech behavior and the development of behavior. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.